Chapter 10 Lesson 2 Relationships Within Ecosystems

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 10 Lesson 2 Relationships Within Ecosystems Ms. Amanda and Ms. Diana

Niches Niche – is the way a species interacts with abiotic and biotic factors to obtain food, find shelter, and fulfill other needs.

Competition Competition – the demand for resources, such as food, water, and shelter, in short supply in a community. Competition can take place among members of a population or between two populations of different species. Competition limits population size.

Overpopulation Overpopulation – when a population becomes so large that it causes damage to the environment. Examples: 1. When too many deer live in an ecosystem, they eat all the plants and that reduces habitats for other animals. 2. Deers move into areas where they are forced to live too close together. Disease can spread easily within populations when this happens. Overpopulation is temporary because when resources run out, animals will move somewhere else, starve, or die from diseases. So the population decreases, then it gives the environment some time to return back to normal.

Competing with Humans Humans need the same biotic and abiotic factors as other organisms. Humans need food, living space, and water. To get their needs, humans do many different things: Plant food crops Build roads and buildings Use water from lakes for drinking These actions put humans in competition with other species for the same resources.

Predation Predation – the act of one organism, a predator, feeding on another organism, its prey. (predator – organism that hunts and kills other organisms for food) Predators help control the size of prey populations.

Symbiosis Symbiosis – a close, long-term relationship between two species that usually involves an exchange of food or energy. There are 3 types of Symbiosis: 1. Mutualism – relationship in which both organisms benefit. 2. Commensalism – relationship in which one organism benefits but the other doesn’t benefit and is not harmed. 3. Parasitism – relationship in which one organism benefits while the other is harmed.

Types of Symbiosis