O Brave new world! In what ways were the Age of Discovery and the rise of imperialism expressions of an expansionist worldview? In other words… How did European discoveries lead them to take their ideas out to the world?

Outcomes I understand that… 8.2.1 - Renaissance Europe formed the basis for the worldview of the Western world 8.2.2 - there were differing beliefs, values and worldviews 8.2.3 - beliefs and values are shaped by time, geographic location and societal context 8.2.4 – factors shaped the worldview that evolved in western Europe during the Renaissance

*menu 2 VOCABULARY Imperialism: The policy of an empire or nation extending the rule or authority over foreign countries. Expansionism: A nation expanding its territorial base usually by means of military aggression. Ethnocentrism: The belief in the superiority of the nation, culture, or group to which one belongs.

So, What’s the Difference? Imperialism is the government creating the policy and sending the army out Expansionism is the army physically gaining the land and people

Which means… European countries wanted to expand their world and have power over all territory, resources, and people

*The Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) The rulers of Spain and Portugal could not agree as to who could claim what share of the Asian trade.

*So . . . They asked Pope Alexander VI to help settle the matter

*And… He created a treaty that would divide the world between the Spanish and Portuguese

*The Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) Portugal Would get the land east of the imaginary line Spain Would get the land west of the imaginary line (going North & South through the Atlantic)

Treaty of Tordesillas But initially, the treaty was a secret… How would you react?

Treaty of Tordesillas King Henry VIII of England Other rulers ignored the terms and sent out their own explorers to find new territories King Henry VIII of England Gave explorer Giovanni Caboto authority to lay claim to all he found

*Why Were Explorers Sent?

*Why Were Explorers Sent? 1. Europeans needed resources to support their economy and to establish colonies 2. Land and resource competition was necessary for survival and supremacy of Europeans. 3. To spread their European, ethnocentric worldview to other areas.

task – the Renaissance vocabulary mannequin challenge / Tableaux In your groups, you will be assigned a specific vocabulary term or concept from today’s lesson. Discover as a group what this term means, a situation from the Renaissance in which it was used, and how you can represent it visually through tableaux. You will present you tableaux or mannequin challenge before the end of class!

The positives to Expansionism To what extent did expansionism and imperialism progress Renaissance Europe in the Age of Exploration?

Imperialism, Ethnocentrism, and expansionism role Play Let’s Hear How Life Was Like For… European Expansionists / Spanish Conquistadors African and Aztec Slave Merchants Gold and Spice Merchants African and Aztec Slaves

A nEw world is found! Spain (Christopher Columbus) discovered the Bahamas. Portuguese continued to explore ports in Africa. England and France – raced for the power of the North Americas.

Age of Exploration – Portugal, Spain, England, France Predict – What would be problematic about claiming a new world?

European Attitude Towards the Indigenous people: Needed to learn from civilized and virtuous nations. ➯ Why was this attitude “ethnocentric”? Indigenous people = uncivilized Would be good servants and easily converted to Christianity.

European Attitude Europeans contributed to establishing trade of African slaves. Who sold the African slaves? Who were the African slaves sold to?

*Spain The Spanish were given territory (land) in New Spain to: Encourage settlement Mine for metals – especially gold. Set up plantations to export crops

The Spanish then… Enslaved Indigenous people and forced them to work: on plantations and in gold/silver mines in terrible conditions to death

New Spain = Imperialist Treasure Spain conquered the Aztec and Incan empires, which provided them with great wealth Gold, silver, & emerald mines in Peru & Bolivia *Spain became the wealthiest country in Europe Note the shifts in power from the start of the Renaissance.

*England Became envious of Spain

*What England Did They developed ships to attack the Spanish by water and coastal towns of New Spain The new ships were small, fast, & highly maneuverable

*England’s Motivation Queen Elizabeth I Supported the building of the ships because she wanted to cut of Spanish profits

However… Bernardino de Mendoza, the Spanish ambassador to England, protested these raids against his country  

The Cost of Imperialism Destruction of Inca and Aztec civilizations in central and South America (1490’s) 1/10th of original population left by 1600’s 90 million Indigenous People of North America died or wiped out Beothuk, Ona

Debate! 5 minutes with your team to discuss Debate – Europeans vs. Indigenous! Group 1 Group 2 Discussion

Winner is… Indigenous!!!

*Age of Exploration Europeans - new world was different from their own New sea routes and trading routes found Discovered new continents

Other European Countries… Discovered imperialism = wealth compete for overseas markets

Patriotism! People linked their identity with achievements of their country . . . My country is great; so therefore I am too!

*Renaissance Heroes Artistic geniuses and daring explorers i.e. Sir Francis Drake, Christopher Columbus Queen Elizabeth I

1. Francis Drake First Englishman to circumnavigate world circled the world for three years Attacks Spanish treasure ships - stealing gold and silver for QoE Hero or villain?

2. Queen Elizabeth I Considered to be a true Renaissance monarch well educated defeated Spain in great naval battle sponsored explorers and settlements in North America contributed to England becoming prosperous trading country and world power

Citizens of the World Global Village – sharing of common interests and goals Do we live in a Global Village today? What are some examples of this?

*Recap of How it Happened: (Becoming Citizens of the World) Renaissance and Age of Exploration Invention of printing press Humanism Rise of trade and business

In Summary, At the Start of The Renaissance… European society = move away from feudalism Merchants and traders became responsible for great economic growth Little known about world geography Superstitious about the unknown

*Throughout the Renaissance… People’s eyes opened to possibilities of human achievement Developed appetite for knowledge, riches and exploring world to find knowledge and riches

*At The End of The Renaissance… Contact had been made with people from other continents Europeans imposed own religion, ideas, values, economic systems on others