Chapter 26

Section 1 the Sahel

What is the Climate like for the Northern African Nations? Focus Question What is the Climate like for the Northern African Nations?

The Sahel Separates the Sahara in the North from the tropical grasslands in the south Savannah Grasslands 5 countries Mauritania Mali Niger Burkina Faso Chad

Farming and Herding Most support themselves by farming and Herding Use shifting agriculture Site is cleared, prepared, and used to grow crops Used for a year or 2 until the nutrients are gone Millet and Sorghum are vital crops Herding Camels, cattle, and sheep Land has been overgrazed Leading to desertification and deforestation

The Future of the Sahel People have three goals Withstanding the harsh environment Developing natural resources Making the most of their current resources Rely on foreign aid Medicine, food, resources Want to become self sufficient Water source for the region comes from 2 rivers Senegal and the Niger Relies on the inland delta for farmland

Section 2 coastal countries

The Coastal Countries Have 2 main advantages over other the Sahel Wetter climate Access to the sea Countries Cape Verde Nigeria Senegal Gambia Guinea Bissau Corte D’Ivoire Ghana Sierra Leone Liberia Benin

Power Until the 1960’s Europe Controlled most of Africa Liberia founded in 1822 by the USA for freed slaves The Coastal Countries have been ridden with war Cultural Roles women and children help grow and sell crops Women take care of the homes and small businesses Religion There are dozens of religions in the region Polytheistic

Section 3 Nigeria

Focus Question What is the one resource that Africans have to adapt their way of life to ensure they have?

Nigeria Twice the size of California More than 180 Languages English is the official language Fragmented between the Muslims and Christians Muslims live in the North Christians live in the South Had Conflict since the 1980’s Military staged a Coup

Section4 Central Africa

Central Africa Cameroon Equatorial Guinea Gabon Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Sao Tome Principe Central African Republic

Resources Most important river is the Congo river Region relies heavily on their resources None Renewable Copper, cobalt, diamonds Renewable Rivers Hydroelectric power Lumber Leading to deforestation Extinction of hundreds of plants/animals

Countries today Countries have many internal conflicts Countries of the region are poorer nations Lack infrastructure Lack governmental support Lack education systems Main Problems Lack of Healthcare Diseases

Aids Distribution of the World 50

Aids Distribution of the U.S