Chapter 5 The Classical Thinkers

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 5 The Classical Thinkers Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Forerunners of Classical Thought Mores proscribe serious violations of a group’s values Folkways time-honoured customs that carry force of tradition Laws Mala in se, mala prohibita Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

The Demonic Era Good versus Evil Interpretations of evil range from the cosmic level (e.g., karma, fate) to personal deviance resulting from demonic possession. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Sources of Criminal Law Code of Hammurabi Early Roman Law Common Law Magna Carta Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

The Enlightenment Thomas Hobbes Jean-Jacques Rousseau John Locke social contract Jean-Jacques Rousseau natural law John Locke tabula rasa Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

The Classical School Developed from the period of the Enlightenment. Crime and deviance were products of the exercise of free will. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

The Classical School Cesare Becarria (1738-1794) punishment should be a deterrent rather than retribution punishment should be used to prevent crime Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

The Classical School Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) behaviour holds value according to the amount of pleasure or pain that it can be expected to produce for the individual Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Neo-Classical Criminology Rational Choice Situational Crime Control Policy Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Punishment and Neo-Classical Thought Just Deserts offenders deserve punishment Deterrence specific deterrence, general deterrence, recidivism Capital Punishment Public Humiliation Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.

Policy Implications of the Classical School Individual-rights advocates dangerousness, incapacitation Law and order advocates get-tough-on-crime policies Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc.