Coldfusion and PHP introduction University of California, Berkeley School of Information IS 257: Database Management IS 257 – Fall 2009
Lecture Outline Review ColdFusion PHP More on MySQL and SQL Databases for Web Applications – Overview ColdFusion DiveShop in ColdFusion PHP DiveShop in PHP More on MySQL and SQL IS 257 – Fall 2009
Lecture Outline Review ColdFusion PHP More on MySQL and SQL Databases for Web Applications – Overview ColdFusion DiveShop in ColdFusion PHP DiveShop in PHP More on MySQL and SQL IS 257 – Fall 2009
Dynamic Web Applications 2 Server database CGI DBMS Web Internet Files Clients IS 257 – Fall 2009
Server Interfaces Database Web Server Web Application Server Web DB HTML JavaScript DHTML CGI API’s ColdFusion PhP Perl Java ASP SQL ODBC Native DB interfaces JDBC Native DB Interfaces Adapted from John P Ashenfelter, Choosing a Database for Your Web Site IS 257 – Fall 2009
Web Application Server Software ColdFusion PHP ASP All of the are server-side scripting languages that embed code in HTML pages IS 257 – Fall 2009
Lecture Outline Review ColdFusion PHP Databases for Web Applications – Overview ColdFusion DiveShop in ColdFusion PHP DiveShop in PHP Introduction to ORACLE and SQL-Plus IS 257 – Fall 2009
Web Application Server Software ColdFusion PHP ASP All of the are server-side scripting languages that embed code in HTML pages IS 257 – Fall 2009
ColdFusion Developing WWW sites typically involved a lot of programming to build dynamic sites e.g. Pages generated as a result of catalog searches, etc. ColdFusion was designed to permit the construction of dynamic web sites with only minor extensions to HTML through a DBMS interface IS 257 – Fall 2009
ColdFusion Started as CGI Split into cooperating components Drawback, as previously discussed, is that the entire system is run for each cgi invocation Split into cooperating components Windows service -- runs constantly Server modules for 4 main Web Server API (glue that binds web server to ColdFusion service) {Apache, ISAPI, NSAPI, WSAPI} Special CGI scripts for other servers IS 257 – Fall 2009
What ColdFusion is Good for Putting up databases onto the Web Handling dynamic databases (Frequent updates, etc) Making databases searchable and updateable by users. IS 257 – Fall 2009
Requirements Unix or Windows systems Install as SuperUser Databases must be defined via “data source names (DSNs) by administrator IS 257 – Fall 2009
Requirements and Set Up Field names should be devoid of spaces. Use the underscore character, like new_items instead of "new items." Use key fields. Greatly reduces search time. Check permissions on the individual tables in your database and make sure that they have read-access for the username your Web server uses to log in. If your fields include large blocks of text, you'll want to include basic HTML coding within the text itself, including boldface, italics, and paragraph markers. IS 257 – Fall 2009
Templates Assume we have a database named contents_of_my_shopping_cart.mdb -- single table called contents... Create an HTML page (uses extension .cfm), and before <HEAD>... IS 257 – Fall 2009
Templates cont. <CFQUERY NAME= ”cart" DATASOURCE=“contents_of_my_shopping_cart"> SELECT * FROM contents ; </CFQUERY> <HEAD> <TITLE>Contents of My Shopping Cart</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <H1>Contents of My Shopping Cart</H1> <CFOUTPUT QUERY= ”cart"> <B>#Item#</B> <BR> #Date_of_item# <BR> $#Price# <P> </CFOUTPUT> </BODY> </HTML> IS 257 – Fall 2009
Templates cont. Contents of My Shopping Cart Bouncy Ball with Psychedelic Markings 12 December 1998 $0.25 Shiny Blue Widget 14 December 1998 $2.53 Large Orange Widget $3.75 IS 257 – Fall 2009
CFIF and CFELSE <CFOUTPUT QUERY= ”cart"> Item: #Item# <BR> <CFIF #Picture# EQ""> <IMG SRC=“generic_picture.jpg"> <BR> <CFELSE> <IMG SRC="#Picture#"> <BR> </CFIF> </CFOUTPUT> IS 257 – Fall 2009
More Templates <CFQUERY DATASOURCE = “AZ2”> INSERT INTO Employees(firstname, lastname, phoneext) VALUES(‘#firstname#’, ‘#lastname#’, ‘#phoneext#’) </CFQUERY> <HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Employee Added</TITLE> <BODY><H1>Employee Added</H1> <CFOUTPUT> Employee <B>#firstname# #lastname#</B> added. </CFOUTPUT></BODY> </HTML> IS 257 – Fall 2009
CFML ColdFusion Markup Language Read data from and update data to databases and tables Create dynamic data-driven pages Perform conditional processing Populate forms with live data Process form submissions Generate and retrieve email messages Perform HTTP and FTP function Perform credit card verification and authorization Read and write client-side cookies IS 257 – Fall 2009
ColdFusion Diveshop Examples from Fusion IS 257 – Fall 2009
Lecture Outline Review ColdFusion PHP More on ORACLE and SQL-Plus Databases for Web Applications – Overview ColdFusion DiveShop in ColdFusion PHP DiveShop in PHP More on ORACLE and SQL-Plus IS 257 – Fall 2009
PHP PHP is an Open Source Software project with many programmers working on the code. Commonly paired with MySQL, another OSS project Free Both Windows and Unix support Estimated that more than 250,000 web sites use PHP as an Apache Module. IS 257 – Fall 2009
PHP Syntax Similar to “C” or Java (note lines end with “;”) Includes most programming structures (Loops, functions, Arrays, etc.) Loads HTML form variables so that they are addressable by name <HTML><BODY> <?php $myvar = “Hello World”; echo $myvar ; ?> </BODY></HTML> IS 257 – Fall 2009
Combined with MySQL DBMS interface appears as a set of functions: <HTML><BODY> <?php $db = mysql_connect(“localhost”, “root”); mysql_select_db(“mydb”,$db); $result = mysql_query(“SELECT * FROM employees”, $db); Printf(“First Name: %s <br>\n”, mysql_result($result, 0 “first”); Printf(“Last Name: %s <br>\n”, mysql_result($result, 0 “last”); ?></BODY></HTML> IS 257 – Fall 2009
Diveshop PHP Examples on Harbinger/People… IS 257 – Fall 2009
ASP – Active Server Pages Another server-side scripting language From Microsoft using Visual Basic as the Language model (VBScript), though Javascript (actually MS Jscript) is also supported Works with Microsoft IIS and gives access to ODBC databases Most commonly used for Access or MS SQL Server IS 257 – Fall 2009
ASP Syntax <% SQL="SELECT last, first FROM employees ORDER BY last" set conn = server.createobject("ADODB.Connection") conn.open “employee" set people=conn.execute(SQL) %> <% do while not people.eof set resultline=people(0) & “, “ & people(1) & “<BR>” Response.Write(resultline) people.movenext loop%> <% people.close %> IS 257 – Fall 2009
Lecture Outline Review ColdFusion PHP More on MySQL and SQL Databases for Web Applications – Overview ColdFusion DiveShop in ColdFusion PHP DiveShop in PHP More on MySQL and SQL IS 257 – Fall 2009
Today More on SQL for data manipulation and modification IS 257 – Fall 2009
SELECT Syntax: SELECT [DISTINCT] attr1, attr2,…, attr3 as label, function(xxx), calculation, attr5, attr6 FROM relname1 r1, relname2 r2,… rel3 r3 WHERE condition1 {AND | OR} condition2 ORDER BY attr1 [DESC], attr3 [DESC] IS 257 – Fall 2009
SELECT Conditions = equal to a particular value >= greater than or equal to a particular value > greater than a particular value <= less than or equal to a particular value <> or != not equal to a particular value LIKE ‘%wom_n%’ (Note different wild card from Access) opt1 SOUNDS LIKE opt2 IN (‘opt1’, ‘opt2’,…,’optn’) BETWEEN opt1 AND opt2 IS NULL or IS NOT NULL IS 257 – Fall 2009
Aggregate (group by) Functions COUNT(dataitem) COUNT(DISTINCT expr) AVG(numbercolumn) SUM(numbercolumn) MAX(numbercolumn) MIN(numbercolumn) STDDEV(numbercolumn) VARIANCE(numbercolumn) and other variants of these… IS 257 – Fall 2009
Numeric Functions DEGREES(n) EXP(n) FLOOR(n) LN(n) LOG(n,b) MOD(n) ABS(n) ACOS(n) ASIN(n) ATAN(n) ATAN2(n, m) CEIL(n) COS(n) COSH(n) CONV(n, f-base,t-base) COT(n) DEGREES(n) EXP(n) FLOOR(n) LN(n) LOG(n,b) MOD(n) PI() POWER(n,p) ROUND(n) SIGN(n) SIN(n) SINH(n) SQRT(n) TAN(n) TANH(n) TRUNCATE(n,m) IS 257 – Fall 2009
Character Functions returning character values CHAR(n,…) CONCAT(str1,str2,…) LOWER(char) LPAD(char, n,char2), RPAD(char, n,char2) LTRIM(char, n, cset), RTRIM(char, n, cset) REPLACE(char, srch, repl) SOUNDEX(char) SUBSTR(char, m, n) UPPER(char) IS 257 – Fall 2009
Character Function returning numeric values ASCII(char) INSTR(char1, char2) LENGTH(char) BIT_LENGTH(str) CHAR_LENGTH(str) LOCATE(substr,str) LOCATE(substr,str,pos) and many other variants. IS 257 – Fall 2009
Date functions ADDDATE(dt, INTERVAL expr unit) or ADDDATE(dt, days) ADDTIME(dttm, time) LAST_DAY(dt) MONTH(dt) – YEAR(dt) – DAY(dt) MONTHNAME(dt) NOW() NEW_TIME(d, z1, z2) -- PST, AST, etc. NEXT_DAY(d, dayname) STR_TO_DATE(str,format) SYSDATE() IS 257 – Fall 2009
Setting up Diveshop on MySQL IS 257 – Fall 2009