CHAPTER 9 Section 1 Terms, People, and Places Byzantine Empire Constantinople Justinian Justinian’s Code Autocrat Theodora Patriarch Icon Great Schism Temporary Unify Hagia Sophia
The Byzantine Empire – Reached it’s peak under the emperor Justinian (527-565). Officially collapses when the Ottoman Turks take over Constantinople in 1453 and make it the capital of the Ottoman Empire and name Istanbul. Constantinople – The capital of the Byzantine Empire. It commanded key trade routes linking Europe to Asia. It connected the Mediterranean and Black seas. Justinian – A Byzantine Emperor determined to revive Ancient Rome. He had both political and spiritual power.
Justinian’s Code – Restructured Roman Law Autocrat – Sole ruler with complete authority Theodora – She was Justinian’s wife who was a shrewd politician. She served as Advisor and Co- Ruler. Patriarch – The highest church official in the orthodox church. Icon – Holy Image
Great Schism – The split of Eastern and Western Christianity. Temporary – Lasting for or relating to a limited time Unify – To bring people or things together to form a single unit or entity. Hagia Sophia – Means “great Wisdom” and is a great architectural beauty and an important monument both for Byzantine and Ottoman Empires. Once a church, later a mosque.
CHAPTER 9 Section 2 Terms, People, and Places Steppe Kiev Cyrillic Golden Horde Ivan the Great Tsar Ivan the Terrible Tolerate
Steppe – The open, treeless, grasslands of southern Russia Steppe – The open, treeless, grasslands of southern Russia. This region of medieval Russia served as a great highway for nomadic migration. Kiev – The center of the first Russian state. It was a blended culture of Slavs and Vikings. Cyrillic – Alphabet used in Russia, Ukraine, Serbia, and Bulgaria. Golden Horde – Mongol invaders who were defeated in 1380 by the Russian princes of Moscow who united and continued the Mongol’s use of absolute power.
Ivan the Great – Ivan the III was a driving force behind Moscow’s successes. Between 1462 and 1505, he brought much of northern Russia under his rule. Tsar – Russian word for Caesar. Ivan the Terrible – The Russian ruler who slaughtered many of his people leaving behind rebellion. He also brought “serfdom” to the Russian State. Tolerate – Recognized and does not suppress the different beliefs or practices of other people
CHAPTER 9 Section 3 Terms, People, and Places Shaping Eastern Europe Balkan Peninsula Ethnic Group Diet Golden Bull of 1222 Dominate
Shaping Eastern Europe – Benefited by providing protection to the Jews. Balkan Peninsula – An area of south east Europe extending into the Mediterranean Sea. Ethnic Group – People who share the same language and cultural heritage. Diet – Assembly, where the vote of a single noble could block the passage of a law. Golden Bull of 1222 – Limited the power of Hungarian Kings. Dominate – To have control, power, or authority over somebody or something.