Matter & Change Chemistry J.P. Hancock

EQ: How can properties used to describe matter be classified? List as many properties that you can of a can of coke fresh out of the vending machine.

EQ: How can properties used to describe matter be classified? Extensive Properties- depends on the amount of matter in a sample Changes when the size of the sample changes. Mass Volume Length Total charge

EQ: How can properties used to describe matter be classified? Intensive Properties-depends on the type of matter in the sample, not the amount Doesn’t change when you take away some of the sample Temperature Refractive Index Density Hardness of an object

Matter Matter Mass Anything that has mass and takes up space The amount of substance in an object

Substance Substance Uniform and definite composition Identical intensive properties

Physical Properties Quality or condition that can be observed or measured without changing the substances composition Used to identify substances

4 States of Matter SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA

                                MOLECULAR LOOK solid liquid gas

SOLID DEFINITE SHAPE & VOLUME PARTICLES TIGHTLY PACKED LOW KINETIC ENERGY(PARTICLES CAN VIBRATE AROUND EACH OTHER STRONG INTERMOLECULAR FORCES(PARTICLES DO NOT HAVE ENOUGH ENERGY TO CHANGE THEIR POSITION

TYPES OF SOLIDS AMORPHOUS CRYSTALLINE Particles that do not have a crystalline form No definite melting point (will get softer and softer before liquid) Examples Glass Rubber Plastic Chocolate Wax CRYSTALLINE Particles arranged in regular geometric patterns Have a definite melting point Examples Salt Sugar sand

Glass Blowing Video What type of solid is glass? While

LIQUID DEFINITE VOLUME PARTICLES PACKED TIGHT MORE KINETIC ENERGY WEAKER INTERMOLECULAR FORCES PARTICLES CAN MOVE OVER AND AROUND EACH OTHER-allowing the liquid to take the shape of the container

GAS NO DEFINITE SHAPE NOR VOLUME PARTICLES SPREAD APART GREATEST KINETIC ENERGY WEAKEST INTERMOLECULAR FORCES PARTICLES HAVE ENOUGH ENERGY TO SEPARATE FROM ONE ANOTHER PARTICLES CAN BE COMPRESSED

Gas Vapor Used to describe substances that are (g) at room temp. Used to describe substances that are generally (l) or (s) at room temp.

PLASMA An ionized gas OR charged gas. (+ and – charged electrons) Some of the electrons break free from, but travel with, their nucleus Most common state of matter in the universe. Much of the mass of the universe is plasma Examples -Lightning -Fluorescent Light Bulbs -Sun -Plasma Display Panels(TV) -Stars -Aurora Borealis (interaction of earth’s -Neon “Lights” magnetic field and a plasma)

PLASMA

Plasma Ball Observations What do you observe about the ball itself? What happens when the following tubes of gas are brought close to the ball? Krypton Gas Neon Helium Mercury Hydrogen Nitrogen Fluorescent light bulb

Examples of Physical Properties

Examples of Physical Properties

Physical Changes Changes in the form or appearance w/o making the substance a new substance. Ex chop wood, bend wire, melt ice All changes in the states of matter

2 Categories of Physical Changes Reversible Examples Irreversible

Questioning and Thinking Create 1 level one question Create 2 level two questions Create 2 level three questions Why do all samples of a substance have the same intensive properties?

Homework Using the Cornell Note-Taking Revision Checklist Review and Revise notes taken Use the symbols listed to revise your notes You will need the following Pencil Highlighter or colored pencil to “highlight” Red Pen or Red Colored Pencil

Summary Write a summary of your notes Use your Essential Question to guide your response Include your Level 1-3 questions

Homework EQ 2: How can we classify and separate mixtures? Take Cornell notes over section 2 Create 2 level two questions Write summary to essential question 2

Lab Measurement Lab Paperclip Lab Chromatography Lab

Writing a Lab Report Measurement Lab Paperclip Lab Chromatography Lab