England and its colonies Chapter 3:1

AIM/ DO NOW AIM – Students will understand how England and its largely self-governing colonies prospered under a mutually beneficial trade relationship. Do Now- Write down what you think these two words mean? 1) Tariff 2) Monopoly

Meme of the day

England and the Colonies Although many colonists benefited from trade with the home/mother country, the real purpose of the colonial system was to benefit Britain. Mercantilism-an economic system in which nations seek to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by establishing a favorable balance of trade. Balance of trade=more goods sold than bought. It was vital to have colonies with raw materials to ship back to the mother country. And also, the mother country could sell its goods to the colony. The colonists traded raw materials with England, but also traded with other countries like France and Holland and this took away from the profits of England.

Lets Recap England wants the raw materials and natural resources that are made in America England wants to sell their finished products (manufactured goods) to the Colonies. They don’t want the Colonies trading/selling goods to other countries…They wanted to be the middle man.

Navigation acts As a result Parliament passed the Navigation Acts. The Navigation Acts stated that: a. No country could trade with the colonies unless the goods were shipped in colonial or British ships. b. All ships had to be manned by crews that were at least ¾ English or colonial c. The colonies were limited in what they could ship to other countries. d. All goods shipped to other countries had to be loaded at English docks.

The Navigation Acts actually benefited the colonies, 1) especially the ship building industry. 2) Massachusetts merchants regularly smuggled goods to other countries. 3) No tobacco was to be grown in England 4) Colonists were protected by English navy

Navigation acts hurt the colonies Negate Effects: 1) Colonial manufacturing was severely limited 2) Chesapeake farmers received low prices for their crops 3) Colonists had to play high prices for manufactured goods from England 4) Tariffs placed on goods shipped out of colonies Navigation Acts Navigation acts hurt the colonies

Charles II Charles II revoked the Puritan charter of MA and forced English law by making it a royal colony. James II revoked all of the charters and made all of the northern colonies into the Dominion of New England. Sir Edmond Andros took over the Dominion. He was a ruthless leader and made many enemies. Edmond Andros

Glorious Revolution In England, many people were upset with the leaders and this caused the Glorious Revolution. James II was a Roman Catholic and attempted to force his views on the Protestants and he rarely listened to the advice of Parliament. Parliament offered the crown to James’ daughter, Mary and her husband, William of Orange from Holland. William and Mary took over in a bloodless revolution called the Glorious Revolution. Parliament soon passed laws to make itself stronger and shared power with the King. The colonies arrested Andros and Parliament restored the colonial charters. After reinstating the charter the King of England would appoint a governor and allow more religious freedom.

Still loyal to Mother Country…BUT!!! Parliament strengthened the Navigation Acts A) English judges B) Advisory board on trade Under England’s less-than- watchful eye, the colonies were developing a taste for self government that would eventually create the conditions for rebellion. salutary neglect - meant that England relaxed its enforcement of most regulations in return for the continued economic loyalty The men and women of the colonies still considered themselves loyal British subjects, eager to benefit the empire as well as themselves.

Not Yet “The time may come . . . when the colonies may become populous and with the increase of arts and sciences strong and politic, forgetting their relation to the mother countries, will then confederate and consider nothing further than the means to support their ambition of standing on their [own] legs.” - NEHEMIAH GREW (British Merchant)