Ecology Scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environment.

Interdependence An organisms ability to interact with their : Non-living environment Other organisms Survival depends on these interactions

Interdependence 6 owl stoat fox rat rabbit beetle

Levels of Organization Biosphere Biome Ecosystem Community The study of ecology ranges from the study of an individual organism to populations, communities, ecosystems, biomes—and, finally, to the entire biosphere. The information that ecologists gain at each level contributes to our understanding of natural systems. Population Individual

Organism/Individual/Species An individual/species can breed and produce fertile offspring copyright cmassengale 5 5

copyright cmassengale Population A group of organisms, (same species), which live in the same place at the same time. copyright cmassengale 6 6

copyright cmassengale Community All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time. copyright cmassengale 7 7

Ecosystem (Living and Nonliving) ALL the organisms and non-living environment found in a particular place copyright cmassengale 8 8

copyright cmassengale Biomes are groups of ecosystems that have similar climate & communities copyright cmassengale 9 9

copyright cmassengale The Biosphere Life is found in air, on land, and in fresh and salt water. The BIOSPHERE is the portion of Earth that supports living things. copyright cmassengale 10 10

Animal Interactions

What shapes an ecosystem? Biotic Factors All of the living things in an environment. Plants, Animals, bacteria, etc. Abiotic Factors- non living things in the environment. Climate Wind Nutrient Availability Sunlight

Sunlight is the main source of energy for life on Earth

Energy Transfer Producers/Autotrophs Consumers/Heterotrophs These are organisms that must eat other organisms for food/energy. These are organisms that use sunlight to make their own food/carbs

Producer (autorotroph) or consumer (heterotroph)?

5 types of heterotrophs 1. Herbivore 2. Carnivore -eats animals eats plants Cow eating grass 2. Carnivore -eats animals Lion eating a zebra

Bears mainly eat berries and fish 4. Decomposer breaks down organic matter-NO MOUTH Mushrooms are decomposers 3. Omnivore -eats plants and animals Bears mainly eat berries and fish

feeds on plant and animal remains (Detrivore) (HAS A MOUTH) Crab 5. Detritivore feeds on plant and animal remains (Detrivore) (HAS A MOUTH) Earthworms Mite Snail

Food Chain Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cMZKgvWTvkg

Super awesome high tech ecology animation

Sun light energy is converted by plants into useable carbohydrate energy, and stored in the plant Carb energy is transferred to the wolf as it eats the fox Fox remains recycled into soil by decomposers (bacteria) who eat the carcus Carb energy is transferred to the fox when it eats the rabbit Carb energy is transferred to the rabbit when it eats the plant

Energy flow in an Ecosystem Energy flows through an ecosystem in one direction, from the sun autotrophs heterotrophs Last slide I talked about with period 1 22

Food chains show how energy flows from one organism to the next. Each level in the food chain is called a trophic level. Terrestrial ecosystems usually have 3 or 4 levels. 23

Food Chains Given these organisms create a food chain GRASSHOPPER SNAKE

Honors food chain Producer Primary Consumer Seconday Consumer Tertiary Consumer Quaterny Consumer

Make your own With your team, make your own food chain Start with a producer, then primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer.

Food Web This links all of the food chains in an ecosystem together

Food web A food web links all the food chains in an ecosystem together