CHI I-101 Prof. Ling-Ling Shih (Shi Laoshi) BHSEC Introduction (Part I) CHI I-101 Prof. Ling-Ling Shih (Shi Laoshi) BHSEC 11/22/2018

Some useful expressions Learning Goals The Sound system Some useful expressions The Writing system Internet resources By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018 2

Class schedule for Wk 1 & Wk 2 Part III Chinese tones More radicals Part I Syllabic Structure & Pinyin (focus on Initials) Some Expressions: Greetings & Introduction Internet Resources Class schedule for Wk 1 & Wk 2 Part II Pinyin: Finals The Writing System Chinese language and Dialects Count from 1 to 10 Some Expressions 。Some Expressions By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018 3

By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College Topics (Intro. Part I) Introduction to Mandarin Chinese What is the difference between Ch. And Eng.? Chinese Language and dialects. Pinyin System: focus on Initials. (Textbook: p. 2-5) Some Chinese expressions: Greetings and introduction (hand-out) Internet resources/on-line language tools. By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College What is the difference? Indo-European language Family Sino-Tibetan Language Family ? Ideograms Alphabetical Writing Tonal language Not a tonal language The earlies Chinese scripts found on oracle bones around in 1250 B.C. Old English –5 th century –10th century. Chinese English By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018 5

Chinese Language and Dialects How many ethnic groups in China? Which Ethnic group is the largest group? Officially 56 ethnic groups, the largest group is the Han (over 90%) How many Chinese dialects are there? Can you name some of them? There are 8 major regional dialects (such as Northern, Hakka, Cantonese, and Min dialects). They are often mutually unintelligible. What is Mandarin Chinese? What is it also known as in Mainland China? What is it also called in Taiwan and other Southeast Asia? (See answers in the next slide) By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College What is Mandarin Chinese? What is it also known as in Mainland China, Taiwan or Southeast Asia? Mandarin Chinese is the standard language used by Chinese. Mandarin Chinese is what we are learning in the class. Its pronunciation is based on the speech of Beijing. In mainland China: pǔtōnghuà (普通话) (literally translated “common language”); also Known as “guó yǔ”  (国语) (meaning “national language”) (1.guó : country ; nation ; 2. yǔ : dialect ; language) In Taiwan and other regions (such as Singapre and Malaysia: “ hàn yǔ” (汉语). (“the language spoken by Han people). By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

What is Pinyin and Why Pinyin? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0UfhlkL_LMo&feature=relmfu Pinyin is a phonetic system for pronouncing Chinese character. Pinyin (Pin= spell, yin= sound) Unlike Western language, the characters do not always indicate how they are pronounced. For example, That is why you need pinyin. By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

Each Chinese character is a syllable Character  a syllable = (Hanyu) Pinyin is used to represent Chinese sounds. Example: hǎo= h + ǎo (Initial） （final） (Consonants) (Vowels) **Finals can be vowels (e.g., a, e, i, o, u) or vowels and ending consonants –[n] or –[ng] (e.g., --ing ). My name is made up of three characters: 施 玲 玲 shī líng  líng Tone -----------------------(Initial) -- final By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College Pinyin is not English!! “Zhang” “Peng You” “liu”，“jiu” “cang” By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

Bard High School Early College 21 initial consonants in Modern Standard Chinese (not counting y & w): http://www.ctcfl.ox.ac.uk/pinyin.htm By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

Six basic Chinese vowels: http://www.ctcfl.ox.ac.uk/pinyin.htm By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

Chinese Four Tones: http://www.ctcfl.ox.ac.uk/Tones/Tones.htm The same syllable with different tones different meaning, different character By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College Let us randomly choose a sound “ma” and illustrate its four different tones By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College “mother rides a horse; the horse is slow; mother scolds the horse“ Māma qímă mămàn māma màmă 妈妈 骑马, 马慢, 妈妈 骂马 妈妈 mā ma mother 骑马 qí mǎ to ride a horse; 慢 màn slow; 骂 mà to scold By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

Bard High School Early College Initials (Shēngmǔ) A song on Initials http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0r1cw-q7Q1w&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EQAzioCGWdo&feature=relmfu (b, p, m, f, d, t, n, l, g, k, h,j,q,x,z,y,w) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMUoZjVweVY&feature=relmfu （c, zh, ch, sh, r) By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

Bard High School Early College Initials: b, p, m, f By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

Bard High School Early College Initials: d, t, n, l By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

The tongue position when you proununce “zh,” “ch”, “sh”, “r” How to pronounce zi ci s zhi ch shi ri By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College Initials: z, c, s By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College y, w By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

Bard High School Early College http://www.youtube.com/user/sloppycheng#p/c/94A5E422FB99CDDD/2/FIxK7mEYFBI 聲母韻母歌 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H6jX4oZrlwo&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dc-QrFahttg#t=62 By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

Internet Resources: Greetings and introduction. http://english.cntv.cn/program/learnchinese/20100803/100891.shtml (Growing up with Chinese--Lesson 1 Greetings). http://english.cntv.cn/program/learnchinese/20100427/101112.shtml (Easy Chinese--Lesson 1) By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

Internet Resources: Chinese Characters with stroke order animation Enter characters and find out the stroke count and order: http://stroke-order.learningweb.moe.edu.tw/home.do The animation of Chinese characters in the textbook “Integrated Chinese”: http://www.usc.edu/dept/ealc/chinese/character/ http://xh.5156edu.com/conversion.html By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

Other on-line language tools: http://www.purpleculture.net/chinese-pinyin-converter/ (quickly convert selected Chinese text from any webpage to Pinyin with pronunciation.) http://www.purpleculture.net/chinese-sentence-pronunciation/ (Convert Chinese vocabulary/sentence into Mandarin Speech). Links to more Chinese tools on above links. By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College On-line Dictionaries http://www.mandarintools.com/worddict.html http://www.purpleculture.net/chinese-english-dictionary/ (a valuable Chinese-English and English-Chinese Dictionary) *** http://www.chineseetymology.org/ (Learn about the etymology of a Chinese character) By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018

By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College How to Type in Chinese http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSdmUGZ-BG0 (How to type Mandarin / Chinese PinYin on iOS iPad and iPhone) By Prof. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 11/22/2018