Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb

Pelvic Girdle Consist of 2 coxae (hipbones) Pelvis Sacrum Coccyx

Pelvic Girdle Function Support the trunk of the body Provide attachments for lower limbs Protects urinary bladder Protects distal end of large intestine Protects reproductive organs

Coxa – 3 parts Ilium Largest and forms prominence of hip Ischium Ischial Tuberosity- supports weight of hip Pubis Symphysis pubis

Pelvic Girdle 3 parts of the pelvic girdle fuss in acetabulum which receives the head of femur

Pelvic Girdle Obturator Foramen – between pubis and ischium; largest foramen in skeleton

Lower Limb Consist of: Femur Tibia Fibula Ankle and Foot

Lower Limb Function: Framework of the thigh leg, ankle and foot

Femur Longest in body Head – projects medially in acetabulum Fovea capitis – (pit) on femoral head; ligaments attachment Greater trochanter – muscle attachment Lesser trochanter – muscle attachment

Femur Lateral condyle – articulates with tibia Medial condyle – articulates with tibia Patella – kneecap; articulates with femur

Tibia “Shin bone” Larger of the two leg bones Medial condyles – articulate with femur Lateral condyles – articulate with femur Tibial tuberosity – attachment for patellar ligament Medial Malleolus- prominence on inner ankle, attachment for ligaments

Fibula Long, slender bone Head – articulates with tibia Lateral malleolus – articulates with ankle

Ankle and Foot Tarsal Bones (7) Talus – moves freely where it pins tibia and fibula Calcaneus – largest, heel bone Navicular Cuboid Lateral cuniform Medial cuniform Intermediate cuniform

Ankle and Foot Metatarsals (5) Numbered 1-5 beginning on medial side Heads of these bones forms the “balls” of feet Tarsals and metatarsals are bound by ligaments which form arches in foot

Ankle and Foot Phalanges Align and articulate with metatarsals Three phalanges Proximal Middle Distal Except big toe, has no middle phalanx