Ch 6.1 – 6.2: Tighter British Control Leads to Greater Colonial Resistance EQ: What events caused colonists to consider going to war with England for their independence? (Use details!)

FYI: Fur Trade English competed with French for furs. Iroquois allied with English Alliances with Native Americans led to the French and Indian war in 1689. French and English Colonist fought with Native American allies. Neither side won a clear victory Iroquois had trapped all the beavers on their own land by mid 1600s To get more fur they made way with Huron and Algonquin neighbors. (Iroquois won and controlled much of the land). French were upset and armed the Huron and Algonquin / Iroquois were armed by English In 1689

French and Indian War After French and Indian War, England passed Proclamation of 1763 – colonists could not settle west of Appalachian Mountains To enforce proclamation King George III also passed the Quartering Act which required colonists to house and feed British troops for free

Proclamation Line of 1763

Proclamation of 1763 Boundary Line

England needs money! England owed large debt from French and Indian war England needed money to meet expenses and pay back debt, so began taxing colonists to help pay part of war debt Sugar Act Taxed all sugar and molasses Stamp Act Required all printed materials (documents, playing cards, newspapers, etc) to carry a stamp showing a tax had been paid.

Resistance Movement(s) Sons of Liberty Resistance Movement(s) Participated in acts to show their protest against taxes. hrough various forms of protest, direct action and violence the Sons of Liberty sought the repeal of the Stamp Act (for example, they were famous for the tarring and feathering of opponents as well as outright killings of stamp distributors and the like [5].  And although small at first, groups identifying themselves as Sons of Liberty eventually existed in almost every colony. The organization spread month by month, after independent starts in several different colonies  Intimidation Mass Protests

Protesting the Stamp Act Political Cartoon  Liberty tree as gallows Stamp Act poster upside down Protesters in Boston  Customs official tarred and feathered 

Parliament’s actions affect England and the Colonies Acts/taxes led to greater colonial unity Colonial assemblies adopt cry, “No taxation without representation!” Colonies claim colonial assemblies, not Parliament, has the right to tax colonies

English Colonists had NO representatives in Parliament English Parliament made up of 2 “Houses”: House of Commons (elected by the people) House of Lords (non-elected lords, judges, and church officials)

Parliament’s actions affect England and the Colonies Colonists begin to boycott against English goods Parliament repeals Stamp Act, due to violence and boycotting from colonists Parliament passes Declaratory Act, giving England “supreme authority” to govern colonists

Reduced dependence on British textiles Daughters of Liberty Homespun Fabric Women contributed in protest to the taxes imposed by British rule by boycotting British goods. They also homespun wool to make cloth for for colonist to wear instead of Birtish textiles. Reduced dependence on British textiles

Parliament’s Not Done

Townshend Acts 1767 Tax on Imports

The Townshend Acts England wanted to avoid further conflict with colonists, but needed $ to pay for expenses Most British troops located in NY, but NY refused to “quarter” them Townshend Act suspend NYs legislature until they agree to house troops Taxes also placed on glass, lead, tea, paper, and paint Colonists protested Townshend Acts and considered them a serious threat to their rights and freedoms

These Guys Again

More of These Guys

The Boston Massacre Tensions between British troops and Boston workers build Troops always watching colonists, and stealing their jobs, colonists tired of it Fight breaks out, British soldiers kill 5 Bostonians, event becomes known by colonists as the Boston Massacre

The Boston Tea Party Many British taxes had been repealed (ended) because American boycotts hurt British economy Parliament tries again and passes Tea Act in 1773 Act gives English company control of all trade of tea Colonists respond by dumping British tea that had arrived by ship into the harbor Event known as the Boston Tea Party

Reflect! Create a 10 sentence minimum summary answering the EQ with details! Remember the EQ was: What events caused colonists to consider going to war with England for their independence? (Use details!)