Savannah Parker, Kristen Kopplin, Hanna Nkulu, and Jordan Wunnenberg Inca Empire (1471-1532 CE) Savannah Parker, Kristen Kopplin, Hanna Nkulu, and Jordan Wunnenberg
Coming of The Incas Made of autonomous regional states in South America Andes Mountains States frequently clashed and fought for power Large and powerful empire
Kingdoms Chucuito (12th CE) Chimu (10th CE) Highlands around Lake Titicaca Cultivation of potatoes, trade for maize and coca Herding of llamas and alpacas Chimu (10th CE) Irrigation for maize and sweet potatoes Wealthy and historical social class distinction Capital Chanchan pop. >50,000 “Inca” went from ruler title to those who spoke Quechua language
Inca Empire Ruler Pachacuti (r. 1438-1471) began with military expansions to Chimu (15th CE) Over 4,000km of empire, population of 11.5 million Military and administrative elites are the highest class
Inca Administration (1463) Pachacuti retires to Cuzco and writes system of government Systems for taxes, agricultural supply houses, and road networks No script or writing system Quipu: string and knot system for information Statistics, Population, Historical records
Cuzco Modest village to capital city “Navel of the universe” Pachacuti retired and city became ceremonial “Navel of the universe” Inca rulers, nobility, and priests lived there
Inca Roads Two roads, north and south, for the mountains and coast Roads paved with stone 40,000km (25,000mi) Official runners for empire ruler communication
Ruling Elites Rulers, aristocrats, priests, and peasants Ruler is descendant of the sun Prestige is preserved after death Inca God-Kings supervise the aristocrats who supply land for commoners Similar to feudalism
Aristocrats and Priests Privileged lives of Fine foods and embroidered clothes Priests are Celibate and ascetic Royal and aristocratic families Temples of priests and virgin women
Peasants Communities of “Ayllu” were basic units of rural society Working on lands instead of taxes to the state land administration Peasants owe compulsory labor to Inca State Men provided heavy road labor Women provided textiles, pottery, and jewelry
Inca Gods Inti (God of sun) and Viracocha (Creator of the universe and humankind) Cuzco held members of the Cult of the Sun Animal and agricultural sacrifice Llamas and Guinea pigs Golden garden sculptures of produce and livestock
Moral Thought Strong moral dimensions Sin violates social and natural order Confession rituals of repentance Life beyond death Rewards and punishments based on quality of life