Greek Military and Sparta

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Presentation transcript:

Greek Military and Sparta

Ancient Greek Military Structure Hoplites Heavily armed foot soldiers (infantry) Navy Greeks were seafaring traders by nature; trireme ships

The Phalanx The primary formation of the military Rectangular (boxed) shape Made a wall of spears and shields. Effectiveness depended on how well the men could stay in formation and hold their ground. Problems?

Why? Spartan Society Foreigners were discouraged from visiting. Spartans were not allowed to travel. Unless for war. Spartans were not allowed to study philosophy, literature, or the arts. Why?

Spartan War Poetry “It is beautiful when a brave man of the front ranks falls and dies battling for his homeland… Young men, fight shield to shield and never succumb to panic or miserable flight, But steel the heart in your chests with magnificence and courage. Forget your own life When you grapple with the enemy.” -Tyrtaeus

Spartan Government Structure Oligarchy Government by the few Two Kings Led the Spartan army into battle The two kings, plus 28 other men over the age of 60 Council of Elders Decided on issues that would be presented to… Made up of male citizens The Assembly Did not debate; only voted on issues Elected each year Five Ephors Responsible for education of youth and conduct of all citizens

“Come back with your shield or on it.” Spartan Society Spartan Mothers: “Come back with your shield or on it.” With your shield – returned a hero On your shield – returned a fallen hero Without your shield – a coward