7.6 Structure of Fats and Oils 7.6.1 Ester Molecule LO: I know that fats and oils are esters.

The alcohol used to make fats and oils is . glycerol Molecular formula: C3H8O3 Glycerol has 3 hydroxyl groups and so can form 3 links with 3 carboxylic acids. ester The carboxylic acids used to make fats and oils are called acids. fatty LO: I know that fats and oils are esters.

7.6.2 Fatty Acids LO: I know the structure of some fatty acids.

Fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated: Stearic acid, C17H35COOH ( ) saturated Oleic acid, C17H33COOH ( ) unsaturated There must be at least 2 hydrogens for every one carbon if the fatty acid is . saturated LO: I know the structure of some fatty acids.

7.6.3 Hardening Oils LO: I understand the process of hardening oils.

hydrogenating hydrogen margarine Hardening an oil means it to make it less unsaturated, increasing its melting point. hydrogenating In the process, some of the double bonds undergo addition of : hydrogen + H—H This is what happens in the manufacture of from vegetable oil. margarine LO: I understand the process of hardening oils.