Mapping the logic behind your programming Pennsylvania Primary Prevention Institute 2017

“But I can’t explain how I do the magic that is our program…!” I sit at my desk Something happens The world is a better place Alexis

What is a logic model? Logic modeling offers an organized way of defining your program goals, services, and measurable outcomes by producing: An inventory of what you have and what you need to operate your program A strong case for how and why your program will produce desired results A method for program management and assessment Lucy

Main Components Problem Statement: Goal Statement: Lucy

Problem Statement Briefly explain what needs to change Why is there a need for intervention? What community problem does my program solve? Include: who, what, why, where, when & how? Record our problem statement for drinking and driving

Problem Statement Let’s create a problem statement.

Goal Statement Capture the overall purpose of your program What are you trying to accomplish over the life of the program? Goal statement = solution to your problem statement Goals should: Include the intended results of the program Specify the target population Draw people’s attention to Goal Tips on page 8! Record’s the group’s goal statement.

Goal Statement Let’s create a goal statement.

Activities The actions required to implement your program What will you do with resources to achieve goal? Examples: developing products, providing services, engaging in policy advocacy, building infrastructure Look at tips & examples on page 11 & 12 Activities are the processes, techniques, tools, events, technology, and actions of the planned program. These may include products – promotional materials and educational curricula; services – education and training, counseling, or health screening; and infrastructure – structure, relationships, and capacity used to bring about the desired results.

Your Activities Transfer activities from the theory grid to the logic model

Resources (Inputs) Identify the available resources for your program Consider: staff, financial, space, technology, equipment, materials Call attention to the table on the bottom of page 9

Needed Capacity Identify the capacity you need for your program to be a success Consider: staff, financial, space, technology, equipment, materials

Group Activity: What resources do we have? What capacity do we need?

Outputs Measurable, tangible, and direct products of program activities Expressed in terms of size and/or scope of services Quantities: # classes taught, # of clients served, curricula developed DOES NOT reveal anything about quality Page 12 for examples & tips. STRESS: these are not OUTCOMES, they lead to outcomes. They are what you DO. Outputs are the direct results of program activities. They are usually described in terms of the size and/or scope of the services and products delivered or produced by the program. They indicate if a program was delivered to the intended audiences at the intended “dose.” A program output, for example, might be the number of classes taught, meetings held, or materials produced and distributed; program participation rates and demography; or hours of each type of service provided.

Outcomes The changes that occur or the difference that is made during or after the program What difference does the program make? What does success look like? Should be: phrased in terms of change & measurable Outcomes are specific changes in attitudes, behaviors, knowledge, skills, status, or level of functioning expected to result from program activities and which are most often expressed at an individual level.

Types of Change Knowledge Attitude Belief Behavior

Target of Change Individual, client-focused Family or community Systemic Organizational Outcomes vary. Its’ not only the individual that you want to change/address.

SMART Outcomes and Impacts should be SMART: Specific Measurable Action-oriented Realistic Timed

Now apply to your own program… Outputs Outcomes Impact

Assumptions Conditions that are necessary to program success BUT that you believe already exist Can refer to facts or special circumstances in our community, region, and/or field What assumptions do we make about: The key elements and components of our programs The logic that connects our program to our intended impact Our community Our movement

External and Influential Factors Changes in these contextual factors may require program adjustments External and Influential Factors Culture Physical Environment Economic Structure Housing Patterns Demographics Experience of participants Surrounding environment that can affect program success positively or negatively Can include politics, program history, other initiatives existing in your agency and within the community, and social norms. Factors are resources and/or barriers, which potentially enable or limit program effectiveness. Enabling protective factors or resources may include funding, existing organizations, potential collaborating partners, existing organizational or interpersonal networks, staff and volunteers, time, facilities, equipment, and supplies. Limiting risk factors or barriers might include such things as attitudes, lack of resources, policies, laws, regulations, and geography.

BOTH! You might have to go in both directions depending on where you are in your process. You might start with defining your impact and figure out what you need to do in order to achieve that impact. You might have a program and be working towards determining what the impact of that program is. Ultimately, when your logic model is completed, you should be able to move fluidly from left to right AND from right to left

Where do I start? Gather a team! Lucy Determine the purpose of the logic model Who will use it? For what purpose? Set boundaries for the logic model how specific should it go? Who will the end users be and what boundaries would meet their needs? Requires us to be transparent to make informed decisions Requires sharing power across departments and positions Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/40571485@N00/4311715278/in/photolist-7z1EJA-cNHZgd-5huiwU-4GK77o-HBji-93TgLP-93TgLc-93TgLF-93QwJv-93TBrj-G5oek-8tQLDw-93QwnV-93QwDM-943qW6-93QwxP-943qEV-93TATQ-946uBo-93TBwq-93TB17-93QwM6-93Qxap-93TBad-93QwuB-38EZc9-93QC48-86ytih-6K9tMY-943qQM-8bQt6H-bG54ZK-bG54S4-946usL-76fRvU-86vgmi-pX4d-5b9Cmu-cPW3Pu-cPVHku-jn1AX-6dqBNL-5YJ9RU-37cLDG-37cLTf-cMQGEb-4MMdYt-ejYdQs-ejYdCL-ejStot-ejYbWE

Put the Logic Model to Work Build Clarity Communicate Tell your story Evaluate