A Feature Presentation by: Toni-Ann Tait Logical Reasoning A Feature Presentation by: Toni-Ann Tait

What is Logical Reasoning? When you are solving a problem, you can use a strategy called LOGICAL REASONING! Logical reasoning exercises can help kids like you learn the process of elimination or deductive thinking. Most problem uses a variety of conditions but you must use an if-then approach.

Here is a simple problem… The five boroughs in New York State- Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island all play a certain type of sport- Soccer, Baseball, Basketball, Football, and Track, but not necessarily in that order. Each borough plays only one sport.. Here’s what we know: Bronx plays football. The team whose borough has a double letter plays soccer. The team with a land mass in the name of their borough plays basketball. Who plays soccer? A) Brooklyn B) Manhattan C) Queens D) Staten Island E) Cannot be determined from the information given.

Answer: E The reason why the answer is E because Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Queens all have double letter in their names. We know that Bronx plays football so it’s not the Bronx and Staten Island plays basketball because it has a land mass in it’s name.

Soccer Baseball Basketball Football Track Bronx  Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island

Now try this on your own!!! Two men (Matt and Evan) and two women (Betty and Linda) are teachers of history, physics, French, and Spanish, but not necessarily in that order. Each person teaches only one subject. We know that The history teacher is not a woman. Matt does not teach physics. The French teacher is not a man. Betty teaches Spanish. Who teaches physics? (A) Matt (B) Evan (C) Betty (D) Linda (E) Cannot be determined from the information given.

Answer: B History Physics French Spanish Matt  X Evan Betty Linda

Let’s try this in groups!!! Eliot is strong and Justin has blue eyes. The tall person has black hair, but the person with brown eyes is not tall. We can definitely conclude that (A) Justin has black hair and is strong. (B) Eliot has black hair and is strong. (C) Justin has black hair and is tall. (D) Eliot has brown eyes and is tall. (E) Eliot does not have black hair.

Answer: H Strong Blue Eyes Tall Black Hair Eliot  X Justin

Let’s try this together!!! Gus, Florence, and Hank are a banker, a computer scientist, and a teacher, but not necessarily in that order. Gus is not the banker or the teacher, and Hank is not the teacher. A correct conclusion based only on this information is that (A) Gus is not the computer scientist. (B) Hank is the computer scientist. (C) Florence is the banker. (D) Hank is the banker. (E) Florence is the computer scientist.

Answer: J Banker Computer Teacher Gus X  Florence Hank

The End