Atoms, Elements, Compounds, and Ions basic building block of all matter Element Substance that consists of only one type of atom. Molecule has two different atoms. Compound substance that consists of more than one type of element. Ion substance that has a positive or negative charge
4 Principles of the Particle Theory matter is made of tiny particles. All particles of one substance are the same. - Different substances are made of different particles. The particles are always moving. - The more energy the particles have, the faster they move. There are attractive forces between particles. - These forces are stronger when the particles are closer together.
Atoms Atoms have: A nucleus small, heavy part of the atom An electron cloud large, lightweight part of the atom Nucleus Electron Cloud
Nucleus of an Atom Nucleus contains: Protons Have a positive charge N All atoms are distinguished by the number of protons it has (atomic number) N N Neutrons Notice that protons and neutrons are same size, because have same mass. Have no charge Have same mass as protons
Electron Cloud of an Atom An electron cloud contains: Electrons e- have a negative charge are contained within shells of the electron cloud orbit the nucleus of the atom have a very small mass compared to protons and neutrons determine bonding properties of substance
Atom Structure Neutron -1 Electron Proton +1 +1 -1
Elements contain one or more of the same type of atom! Examples include: Hydrogen – 1 proton per atom Carbon – 6 protons per atom Oxygen – 8 protons per atom Copper – 29 protons per atom Gold – 79 protons per atom
Compounds contain more than one type of atom! Example of organic compound (a compound with carbon atoms): Carbon Dioxide – CO2 (1 atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen) Example of inorganic compound (a compound with no carbon atoms): Water – H2O (2 atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen)
- + IONS An ion is an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge!! A particle with a neutral charge has the same number of protons and electrons. An ion does not have the same number of electrons and protons. Examples of ions: He+ - A helium atom that is missing one electron. The atom has one more proton than electron, and must have a positive charge. CO32- - Carbonate has two more electrons than protons
Lets take a look deep inside Andy the Hydrogen Atom Lets take a look deep inside
Lets take a look deep inside Andy the Hydrogen Atom Lets take a look deep inside
Lets take a look deep inside Andy the Hydrogen Atom Lets take a look deep inside
Lets take a look deep inside Andy the Hydrogen Atom Lets take a look deep inside
This is a Proton. Positive Charge weighs ONE Tells what type of atom it is GIRL
This is a Proton. Positive Charge weighs ONE Tells what type of atom it is GIRL
This is a Proton. Positive Charge weighs ONE Tells what type of atom it is GIRL
This is a Proton. Positive Charge weighs ONE Tells what type of atom it is GIRL This is a Neutron No Charge, Weighs One NUN (does not date)
This is an Electron No Weight Negative charge BOY This is a Proton. Positive Charge weighs ONE Tells what type of atom it is GIRL This is a Neutron No Charge, Weighs ONE NUN (does not date)
Now.... Listen to Mr. Kings ION dating game!
Element Guide
Element Guide 2
Element Guide 2
Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2
Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2 He
Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2 He
Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2 Explains name of the element. He
Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2 Explains name of the element. He 4
Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2 Explains name of the element. He 4
Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2 Explains name of the element. He 4 Explains the total atomic weight-The number of protons PLUS the number of neutrons.
Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2 Explains name of the element. He 4 Explains the total atomic weight-The number of protons PLUS the number of neutrons.