SPANISH EXPLORATION OF THE AMERICAS: 1492-1524

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Why is it important to learn about various perspectives? How can location affect opportunities and challenges? What are the consequences when different cultures interact?

BERING STRAIT TODAY

THE BERING STRAIT

EUROPEAN EXPLORATION OF N.AMERICA Causes- “The 3 G’s”- Gold, God, and Glory. Search of a “Northwest Passage.” Main Countries Involved- Spain, Portugal, England, and France Treaty of Tordesillas- gave Spain the right to claim new lands in the Americas.

TREATY OF TORDESILLAS

N.W. PASSAGE

SPAIN Cause- Christopher Columbus set sail in search of a “Northwest Passage” to the markets of Asia and India. Effect- He landed in the Caribbean and reported to the King and Queen of Spain noting the “New World’s” many riches/resources. This began the “Age of Exploration” in the Americas.

THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE & TRIANGULAR TRADE Columbian Exchange- transfer of plants, animals, resources, and diseases between the Eastern & Western Hemispheres. Triangular Trade- developed out of the Columbian Exchange, this route connected the Americas to Europe and Africa.

CORTEZ & PIZARRO 1521- Hernando Cortes conquered the Aztec's and took control of all the gold and silver from the empire. 1632- Francisco Pizarro controlled the Incan Empire in S. America Effects: Spain amassed great wealth and influence in the “New World.”

AZTECS & CORTES

INCA'S & PIZZARO

MISSIONARIES Cause - Spain was determined to convert all N.A. to Catholicism. Effect – Natives had to adapt or die. Once native slave labor ran out, missionaries called for African slave labor.

EARLY SPANISH MISSIONS

ENGLAND & FRANCE GET INVOLVED Fearful of Spain’s growing power, England and France began searching for a “Northwest Passage” to Asia. And the race to settlement began.....

Section 2- Europeans Reach N.C.

I. PONCE DE LEON CLAIMS FLORIDA FOR SPAIN Searching for the Fountain of Youth, De Leon landed on the coast of FL in 1513. Spain defeated the French attempt to capture FL and established a fort called St. Augustine (oldest city in U.S. today).

ST. AUGUSTINE

II. VASQUEZ DE AYLLON 1526- the Spanish tried to establish a colony in N.C. The colony failed due to disease and revolt by African slaves and Native Americans. This was Spain's first and last attempt to settle in N.C.

IV. DE SOTO & PARDO Both Spanish explorers who were among the first to reach the Appalachian Mtns in N.C. De Soto reached the Miss. River which led to Spain claiming much of the southeast.

DE SOTO

V. SPAIN GIVES UP Cause- 1570- Spain tried and failed to establish settlements north of FL for a number of reasons. Effect- England realized Spain was becoming too powerful and decided to explore the northern areas of the “New World...”

ENGLISH POWER