Integrity and Ethics Tulasi Sharan Sigdel Director of Studies 11/22/2018

Learning objectives Describe the concept and meaning of integrity and ethics Explain different approaches integrity and ethics Analyze ethical dilemma 11/22/2018

Presentation outline Concept of integrity and ethics Approaches of ethics Ethical competence Factors affecting integrity and ethical behaviour 11/22/2018

Ethics A set of moral principles and standards of “right” behavior and conduct. Right or wrong, good or bad in actions that affects others. Moral values, principles, and standards that provide guidelines or framework for action 11/22/2018

Philosophical views on ethics The utilitarian approach The rights approach The fairness or justice approach 11/22/2018

The speed train game An electric train is travelling at 300 miles per hour. There are two directions from a junction, East and West. In the West direction, 5 people are tied on the railway line. In the east direction, 1 person is tied. The train is destined to go the west direction. It will crash the people to death. However there is a lever at the junction. If the lever is pulled, the train will change direction to the east, kill one person this time. By fate, you are standing at the lever. Do you pull the lever? 11/22/2018

When the in-charge asks to Lie! Hari Krishna is in-charge of Duradada Health-post. The health post is in a dilapidated condition seriously needing of repairs- a critical portion of the health post has been damaged, causing it to become unusable. At the same time, a storm has blown across the village causing heavy damage of schools and houses. The area in and around the village has been declared a disaster area, and district disaster committee is assessing damage for emergency relief. The in-charge of the health post has reported the district disaster committee officials that the damage to the health post was caused by the storm. Prior to DDC officials arriving to assess the damage at the station, the health- post in-charge calls Ram, his subordinate, and advised him to report DDC officials that the damage is a result of the storm. 11/22/2018

While not stated, annual evaluations are due next month, and the in-charge is known to use the evaluations to reward loyalty and punish those who do not follow his instructions. Due to a previous illness in the family, Ram is in need of additional amount through annual reward to keep up with needs. Ram is in the state of dilemma and indecisiveness. 11/22/2018

Questions Should Ram report as advised by Hari Krishna? Suppose, Ram turns his head and does what the incharge wants. Is he culpable of moral muteness? Or is he being unethical? Should Ram complain to the incharge that he is being put in a difficult position that he cannot do? What ethics management strategy would you employ to prevent situations like this from occurring? 11/22/2018

Ethical Competence: 3 Elements Ability to identify and name an integrity problem Knowledge of the legislation, codes, standards, related to the problem Able to identify the solution 11/22/2018

Integrity: Viable Options 3 5 Loyalty Exit Voice 2 1 4 Organize 6 11/22/2018 Source: Albert O. Hirshman

I = a (A,C,E ) – C What is integrity? a= alignment A= accountability C= competence E= ethics and C= Corruption 11/22/2018

The roots of integrity In a case, Nurturing a high-integrity culture, Jean Francois Manzoni writes: Organization, that employ lasting success in terms of both performance and integrity, have developed a strong and positive organizational culture that nurtures its employees. Changing organization culture requires modifying the common way of thinking The first step for quest for integrity is basic compliance dimension. While this is necessary condition but not sufficient. 11/22/2018

Cont.… High integrity entails more than respecting rules and regulations; it implies “doing the right things” for the organization Building trust and trustworthiness Eg: why should I pay tax? How does my government make the best use of money I paid? 11/22/2018

Cont. “Breakdowns” of Integrity Fear Need?/Greed How do these two things shape employee’s behaviour in organization? How does it paralyzes organization’s culture? 11/22/2018

Ethical Landscape Source: Carol W. Lewis 11/22/2018

Factors affecting Integrity and Ethical Behaviour Manager as a Person Employing Organization External Environment Family Influences Policies, Code of conduct Government regulations Religious values Behaviour of leaders, supervisors, peers and subordinates Norms and values of politics – political behaviour Personal standards, and needs Organisational culture Ethical climate of society- social values and norms My Choice ! Ethical Behaviour 11/22/2018

Things we need! For integrity; Commitment Clear set of values and standards Communication of values and standards Continuous and consistent actions Moreover, Assess your ethical position Acknowledge that “it starts with me!” Build ethical thinking into daily activities Establish a legend; let it be disseminated 11/22/2018

Crushing stones Gavin-ware wall 11/22/2018

Extracting stones Crushing stones Road 11/22/2018

Thank You 11/22/2018