Romanticism Impressionism Realism 19th Century Art “Isms” Romanticism Impressionism Realism
What is Romanticism? Began in Germany and England Spread throughout Europe in 19th Century Deeply connected with politics Voice of changes that Europe went through
Origins of Romanticism Folklore and popular art Nationalism Shakespeare Gothic romance Medievalism Religion Individualism Nature Victorianism
The Virgin Adoring the Host, 1852 Jean August Dominique Ingres
Impressionism Originated in France in last quarter of 18th century Reaction against traditional art and its strict rules Concentrated on impression produced by scene or object Lots of colours Little details State of mind rather than technique
Subjects of Impressionism Scenes from everyday life Nature People Paris Still life
Impressionist Technique Colour Brush Work Locale Composition Sunrise, 1972 Claude Monet
Realism Depicted modern life World changing rapidly Artists wanted work to be about environment and themselves Perceptions of life Argued that classical gods and biblical stories do not relate to population Against Idealism and exaggerated ego of Romanticism
Focus of Realism Gap between rich and poor Social Realism wanted to “fight beautiful art” Focused on “ugly realities” of society, especially relating to working-class
The Stone Breakers, 1850 Gustave Courbet