The Reemergence of a Unified China

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Presentation transcript:

The Reemergence of a Unified China The Golden age of Chinese achievement

Collapse of Han Dynasty Around 220 C.E. Led to 300 years of political fragmentation Conditions discredited Confucianism to many Chinese Chinese migration southward to Yangzi River valley began

“Golden Age” of Chinese Achievement Sui Dynasty (589-619) reunified China Sui rulers vastly extended the canal system Ruthlessness and failure to conquer Korea alienated people and exhausted state’s resources

Tang (618-918) and Song (960-1279) Dynasties Established patterns of Chinese life that lasted into the twentieth century Regarded as a golden age of arts and literature Politics 6 major ministries created along with the Censorate for surveillance Examination system revived to staff the bureaucracy Proliferation of schools and colleges Large share of official positions went to sons of elite Large landowners continued to be powerful, despite state efforts to redistribute land to peasants

Economic Revolution Under the Song Dynasty Period of great prosperity Rapid population growth; from 50-60 million during Tang to 120 million by 1200. Agricultural improvement China was the most urbanized region in the world Great network of internal waterways Improvements in industrial production Invention of print Best navigational shipbuilding technology in the world Invention of gunpowder

Trade Increases Production for the market rather than local consumption Cheap transportation allowed peasants to grow specialized crops Government demanded payment of taxes in cash Growing use of paper money and financial instruments.