Geography and History 16 Civil War Battles

Division of States

Confederate and Union Capitals Washington D. C Confederate and Union Capitals Washington D.C. 1st dot north of Virginia Richmond- one dot in between

Union defeated twice at Bull Run Dot to left of Washington, D.C.

Vicksburg surrendered to Ulysses S Vicksburg surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant after a siege of several months Dot in Mississippi

Gettysburg was fought in 1863 Confederate Army tried to advance into Union territory Dot at bottom of Pennsylvania

Other battles Fredericksburg- dot between Washington and Richmond Chancellorsville- dot between Bull Run and Richmond Fort Sumter- dot in South Carolina Atlanta- dot in Georgia New Orleans- dot in Louisiana

Circle and Underline Circle South Underline North Bull Run Chancellorsville Fredericksburg Fort Sumter Gettysburg Richmond Atlanta Vicksburg New Orleans

Vocabulary 16 Emancipate- free enslaved people Blockade runner-ship sailing in and out of closed Southern ports Ironclad Entrenched Border states Offensive Inflation Habeas corpus Ratify Greenback Blockade Casualty Ship covered with thick iron plates Military force set up in strong position 4 states allowing slavery remaining in Union Go on the attack General increase in prices Right of accused individuals to have a hearing before being jailed Approve Paper money printed in North Close ports Person killed or wounded in battle

Guided Reading 16-1 Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware, and Maryland remained in the Union even though they allowed slavery. Losing these border states would seriously damage the North. Missouri could control parts of the Mississippi River; Kentucky controlled the Ohio River; Delaware was close to Philadelphia; and Washington, D.C., lay within Maryland; West Virginia seceded from the South and joined the Union

Comparing North and South The North had a larger population, more industry, and more abundant resources. The South was a large area with a hostile population. Southerners were defending their land, their homes, and their way of life. Individual Southern states refused to give the Confederate government sufficient power. The Union’s plan for winning the war included gaining control of the Mississippi River. The South’s primary aim was to win recognition as an independent nation.

American People at War By the summer of 1861, the Confederate army had about 112,00 soldiers. The Union had about 187,000 soldiers. Both sides had expected a quick victory.