objective SWBAT state the kinetic particle theory of matter and relate it to temperature.

Kinetic Theory of Matter Consists of 3 parts: 1) All matter is made up of atoms and molecules that act as tiny particles.

Kinetic Theory of Matter 2) These tiny particles are always in motion. - we measure this motion as temperature

Kinetic Theory of Matter 3) At the same temperature, the heavier particles move slower than the lighter particles.

Kinetic Theory of Matter and States of Matter State of matter depends on its molecular motion We measure this as temperature ↑ temperature = ↑ motion of particles ↓ temperature = ↓ motion of particles

Kinetic Energy Kinetic Energy is the energy of motion Particles with a lot of kinetic energy move fast and far apart Particles with little kinetic energy move slow & close together Particles with a lot of kinetic energy Particles with little kinetic energy

Temperature Temperature is the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance So… if it is hot more kinetic energy, if cold less kinetic energy.

Absolute Zero Temperature at which all molecular (particle) motion stops. 0 Kelvin ( -273 °C; -459 °F)

Brain Break: Suit-Up

The Three States of Matter Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles The different states of matter are categorized by the arrangement and energy of the particles at normal temperatures and pressures. The state of matter can be altered by adding or removing energy and/or pressure which can affect the arrangement and energy of the particles.

States of Matter-Solids Particles (atoms and molecules) of solids are tightly packed together They can vibrate about a fixed position, but they do not move out of position.

States of Matter-Solids Solids have a definite shape and definite volume. Solids Have little Kinetic energy Tend to be hard Examples:

States of Matter-Solids Microscopic Explanation for Properties of Solids Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume because the particles are locked into place Solids are not easily compressible because there is little free space between particles Solids do not flow easily because the particles cannot move/slide past one another

States of Matter-Liquids Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slip and slide over one another.

States of Matter-Liquids Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume. So, liquids take the shape of whatever container they are in but they cannot be squeezed into a smaller volume

States of Matter-Liquids Have a medium amount of kinetic energy Flow from higher to lower levels Examples:

States of Matter-Liquids Microscopic Explanation for Properties of Liquids Liquids have an indefinite shape because the particles can slide past one another. Liquids are not easily compressible and have a definite volume because there is little free space between particles. Liquids flow easily because the particles can move/slide past one another.

States of Matter-Gases Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely. Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. Because the particles are not close together, they can be squeezed into a smaller space. Examples: Pumping up a bicycle tire Filling a balloon.

States of Matter-Gases Have lots of kinetic energy Gas particles can travel rapidly (think of how fast scents travel) Examples: Particles of a gas move randomly and must be contained from all surfaces.

States of Matter-Gases Microscopic Explanation for Properties of Gases Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume because the particles can move past one another. Gases are easily compressible because there is a great deal of free space between particles. Gases flow very easily because the particles randomly move past one another.