Enzymes

Enzymes proteins that catalyze (speed up) reactions in living things. Work by lowering the activation energy of a chemical reaction

Activation energy The energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Activation Energy is lowered by enzymes.

Activation energy

How enzymes work Enzymes fit into the substrate like a lock and key Enzymes can break down or put together substrates

Examples of enzymes

Characteristics of Enzymes Can be used outside the body Are specific like a lock and key (only one job) remain unchanged after a reaction Can be used over and over again Are effected by pH Are effected by temperature

Optimum Temperature and Fever Fever is the elevation of body temperature above normal (In humans 98.6o F). Typically, fevers develop in response to bacterial or viral infection. The optimal temperature for most bacterial enzymes is less than 98o F, so by raising body temperature above that, the immune system attempts to denature the bacteria's enzymes and stop the infection.

Common Enzymes Laundry detergents contain enzymes that help break up and remove stains from your clothing. Why might you want to use a different laundry detergent when you wash clothes in hot water instead of in cold water?