Modern History of Thailand

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Presentation transcript:

Modern History of Thailand Modernization to Globalization

Chulalongkorn: the modernizer 1853-1910 Modernization/ Westernization 1897 First visit to Europe Strategy to avoid colonization

Refashioning Siam Uniform Western Schooling Abolishing slavery Collecting new objects Western army

Chakri Throne Hall

Internal-colonization Anglo-Siam treaty over Chiang Mai in 1874 Railway expansion Phumibun revolt (Millenarian movement) Survey of provinces

Paknam Incident French gunboats threaten Bangkok, 1893 Territorial “lost”

Road-Rail-Steamboat Chareonkrung road Hualamphong station East Asiatic Port

Dusit Palace New palace complex for absolutist monarch Equestrian monument

Official Nationalism Vajiravudh and the creation of Nation Burmese: external enemy/ Chinese: internal enemy Jews of the East Nationality Act and Surname Act

Cult of Nation Tai Race, by W C Dodd Our Wars with the Burmese, by Prince Damrong Historical theme stage performance

Entertainment in Bangkok Chalermkrung theatre Newspaper and caricature criticizing the elite

End of Absolutism 24 Jun 1932, Oversea educated military officers and civil servants led this revolution, Great Depression Transition to constitutional monarchy

Phibunsongkram Military factions emerge Promoted Pan-Thaism Siam to Thailand in 1939 Fascist Architecture

Thailand under the Rising Sun 1941 Phibun sided with Japan Seized “lost” territories back East Asia Co-prosperity sphere

Allied with USA Thailand was not occupied in postwar USA as protector from Communist threat Set up huge military bases (U Tapao, Takli, Udon) in Thailand for bomber in Vietnam War

Domino Theory Friendship Highway Rise of American Culture Pax Americana USAID and US propaganda

Sarit-Thanom-Praphas Regime Conservative military dictator Paternalistic regime Development project guided by World Bank

October 1973-1976 Popular protest against dictator 3 years of unstable democracy

General Prem rules in 1980s Restored parliamentary politics Series of failed coup

Economic Boom to Bust Oil crisis led to restructure of Thai economy Shifted from Import substituted to Export Oriented industrialization NICs and Tiger of Asia

Bangkok & Eastern Seaboard Laem Chabang- Maptaput complex Industrial estate Discovery of Natural Gas Expressway Skyscrapers

Economic Crisis of 1997 Devaluation of the Baht Question on globalization Return to self sufficient, localism

K Bhumipol & Sustainability Alternative development model Subsistence economy Royal development project Unified factory in Thai society

Thaksin Shinawatra Years Telecom tycoon turn politician 2001-2006 Professional image Nationalist to populist leader

Coup, Protest, Political Crisis, Populism

Thailand and the World Manufacturing/ transportation hub in Global supply chain Tourism-Spa-Agro business

ASEAN & AEC (2015)

Cultural Capital & Creative Economy Rise of Cultural Tourism Selling “Thainess” in the Globalized world Value creation Food/ craft/ massage/ fashion/ eco design etc.