natural sciences 3

What are machines? Which machines can you see in the photos? A machine is an instrument that makes work easier. We can see a clock, a computer, a mobile phone, a pencil sharpener, scissors and a skateboard.

What are the two types of machines? Simple machines often have one or two parts. Some simple machines are called tools. Complex machines have more than two parts. Sometimes they’re a combination of different machines.

What types of energy do machines use? Most machines that help us move burn fuels. Some machines use energy from the Sun, wind and water. Some machines need energy from people to make them work. Other machines use electricity.

Who invented the printing press? Why was it important? Johannes Gutenberg made a machine to press words onto pieces of paper in the 14th century. The invention of the printing press meant that many books could be made at the same time. Later, printing presses became mechanised and more efficient. It was an information revolution.

How do steam engines work and when were they invented? The steam engine was invented about 250 years ago. It used the steam from boiling water. The steam engine produced a transport revolution because it was used in ships and trains that transported people much more quickly. It also meant that objects could be made by machines in factories. It was part of the Industrial Revolution

When was the telegraph invented? Why was it important? The telegraph was invented about 170 years ago and started a communications revolution. Messages could reach people that were far away very quickly.

How do we use machines? People in different jobs use different types of machines. Mechanics use pliers and spanners. Farmers use rakes and tractors. We use machines at home, to communicate, to transport and to enjoy our free time.

How can we stay safe around machines? Workers need to follow special safety rules. They must wear a hard hat, boots and gloves when they work on a construction site. They also wear special masks and glasses. Electricity is very powerful and dangerous. Remember to always pull on the plug and not the cable. Never use a hairdryer with wet hands or put your fingers in the socket. Turtle/eagle/cheetah p. 6

What have we learnt? There are two types of machines… simple complex

What have we learnt? Machines work using four types of energy… fuels energy from people renewable energy electricity

What have we learnt? The three very important inventions we have studied are… the printing press the steam engine the telegraph