Government Colonial ‘Canada’.

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Presentation transcript:

Government Colonial ‘Canada’

Following the Conquest In 1763 administration of New France changed from French to British rule British Governors (forerunner of Canada’s Governors-General) Population consisted of a small number of British subjects and a large (larger) number of Roman Catholic, mainly French-speaking peoples

British Institutions 1763-1774 Because of the population make-up, there would be no elected assembly (now the normal practice in a British colony) Governor Murray acted through the power of his office assisted by a council of 8 appointed people Controlled the colony, acted as military chief and handled diplomatic relations In England and, therefore in Canada, Roman Catholics were prohibited from holding any public office.

British Institutions 1774-1791 The Quebec Act, 1774 changed the government in the colony Roman Catholics were now able to participate in the administration of the colony’s government The previous council was separated into an Executive Council and a Legislative Council – number increased to 23 The Governor presided, and controlled, judicial, executive and legislative power The provisions in the Quebec Act regarding RCs angered the Americans as did the lack of an elected Assembly

British Institutions 1791-1849 The Constitutional Act, 1791 The influx of Loyalists added pressure to the movement for change in government practices – particularly for an elected Assembly The Constitutional Act, 1791 divided the colony into Upper and Lower Canada The Constitutional Act, 1791 Established Legislative Assemblies (elected Assemblies) Could vote for legislation (Gov. had to approve it and could veto it) Could be convened or dismissed at will by the Gov.

British Institutions 1791-1849 1849 The Governor was the only authority in Canada He chose members of the Legislative and Executive Councils The Gov. had control over legislation He had control over civil and military powers and over revenue from Crown lands 1849 This year marked the beginning of Responsible Government in UC and LC with the passage of the Rebellion Losses Bill