Module I.5 Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement without Giving In Trainer: [Name] Country teams that want to realize key NAP tasks need to have a good understanding and awareness of the NAP process This module starts the training on the NAP TG with an overview of the NAP elements, guidelines, support channels. We will go into more detail of specific aspects in the subsequent modules.

Overview of this module Achieving consensus-based agreements is one of the most important outcomes of a negotiation process National adaptation planning embodies elements of negotiation at all levels How to use principled negotiation to reach inclusive and transparent agreements Reflection space: how would you apply the principles of negotiation in your professional life or country situation?

What can you expect to learn from this session? The importance and role of effective negotiation in national adaptation planning; A four-principle approach to overcome obstacles to negotiation processes; A practical exercise on how to reach consensus-based agreements.

Reaching agreement on how to plan for adaptation may not be easy to achieve: What is adaptation? Who is the most vulnerable group in your country? Who should lead on adaptation planning? How to measure successful adaptation? The facilitator/trainer will run through these questions rhetorically as a way of engaging a thinking process to be built on later Source: UN Photo (2010).

Why negotiation is important in adaptation planning Negotiation provides the opportunity to incorporate many viewpoints into decision-making processes Inclusive and transparent negotiation processes should produce more equitable and shared results 22/11/2018 NAP country-level training

Where negotiation matters most in national adaptation planning Element A. Lay the Groundwork and Address Gaps Initiating and launching of the NAP process – agreement on the importance of climate change adaptation as a key development priority Addressing capacity gaps and weaknesses in undertaking the NAP process – agreement on where skills development efforts are required Element B. Preparatory Elements Assessing climate vulnerabilities at the sector, sub-national and national levels – agreement on where and who to focus impact, vulnerability and adaptation assessments Appraising adaptation options - agreement on what criteria to apply for the selection of specific adaptation options Source: Adapted from UNFCCC - LEG (2012), NAP Technical Guidelines.

Where negotiation matters most in national adaptation planning Element C. Implementation Strategies Prioritizing climate change adaptation in national planning – agreement on the key climate change adaptation priorities for the country Promoting coordination and synergy at the regional, national and sub-national level –agreement on national development and adaptation priorities between institutions Element D. Reporting, Monitoring and Review Monitoring the NAP process - agreement on specific milestones, objectives and measurable indicators Reviewing the NAP process to assess progress, effectiveness and gaps – agreement on what lessons learned and good practices to focus Source: Adapted from UNFCCC - LEG (2012), NAP Technical Guidelines.

The key principles of negotiation Source: Eliesha Training Ltd. (2013).

NAP country-level training Have you ever used negotiation (win-win) in any aspect of your professional life? 22/11/2018 NAP country-level training

A four-principle approach to achieve mutually acceptable agreements (win-win) Separate the people from the problem Focus on interests, not positions Invent options for mutual gain Insist on objective criteria of judgement Source: NAP-GSP (2014).

Concrete examples of four-principle approach PRINCIPLES EXAMPLES Separate the people from the problem Conflict between supervisor and employee about negative performance review. They need to focus on performance criteria rather than personal attributes and roles. Focus on interests, not positions Conflict between a college professor and his student, regarding low class attendance. The teacher need to explore the interests (underlying causes, e.g. part-time work) behind student’s position (absence). Invent options for mutual gain The college professor and student can identify solutions that will benefit both parties by being sensitive to each other’s interests (flexible teaching hours). Insist on objective criteria of judgement Conflict between an employee and his boss on the amount of a salary increase. They need to consider the raises of employees with similar positions and work records. Source: Adapted from Northouse (2011), Introduction to Leadership.

How would you apply this to national adaptation planning? 22/11/2018 NAP country-level training

What have we learned? Many aspects that characterize our lives are the result of processes of negotiation which may have begun centuries ago; Agreements on how to plan for adaptation are not so easy to achieve; Negotiation is cross-cutting in the NAP process; Effective NAP processes need a strong base of shared values, goals, organizational principles and management practices; Principled negotiation processes are based on analysis of the problem, other party’s interests and perceptions, and the existing options.  

Imprint Published by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Climate Policy Support Project Dag-Hammarskjöld-Weg 1-5 65760 Eschborn, Germany T +49 61 96 79-0 F +49 61 96 79-1115 Contact E climate@giz.de I www.giz.de/climate Responsible Till Below and Nele Bünner, GIZ Authors Angus Mackay, Ilaria Gallo Photo credits Title: XXXXXX This presentation is part of a NAP country-level training that has been developed by GIZ on behalf of BMZ and in cooperation with the NAP Global Support Programme (NAP-GSP), in particular UNDP and UNITAR. The training is designed to support countries in setting up a National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process. It builds on the NAP Technical Guidelines developed by the Least- Developed Countries Expert Group (LEG). You are welcome to use the slides, as long as you do not alter its content or design (including the logos), nor this imprint. If you have any questions regarding the training, please contact Till Below or Nele Bünner at GIZ. For questions related to the Technical Guidelines, please refer to the UNFCCC’s NAP Support Portal. As a federally owned enterprise, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH supports the German Government in achieving its objectives in the field of international cooperation for sustainable development. GIZ also engages in human resource development, advanced training and dialogue.