Paramecium h

Paramecium- Biological Organization Domain – Eukaryota (having a nucleus) Kingdom - Protista Phylum – Ciliophora Species -Paramecium

Characteristics Called ‘Ciliates’ – They have short hair-like structures called cilia that help with movement and with feeding Single-celled organisms Found in fresh water, some in salt and brackish water all over the world. Heterotrophs feeding on bacteria and single-celled algae

Locomotion (movement) Individual cilia bend and straighten rapidly in such a way that the paramecium is propelled through the water https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HXcEACQv5-8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9eTiPdqgYRc

Structure (Macronucleus) pellicle

1 Cilia 2 Pellicle 3 Macronucleus 4 Micronucleus 5 Contractile vacuole 1. used for movement 2. Thick outer membrane – Gives it shape 1 Cilia 2 Pellicle 3. Controls the cell’s activities 3 Macronucleus 4. Can have many of these; contain the chromosomes and areused only during reproduction 4 Micronucleus 5 Contractile vacuole 5. Remove excess water out of the cell; works like a pump. 6 Oral groove/ mouth pore 6. Takes in food here 7 Gullet 7. Food is digested 8 Food vacuole 8. Stores food 9 Anal pore 9. Get rid of undigested food particles here 10 Trichocyst 11 Ectoplasm 10. Protection or defense against predators 12 Endoplasm 11. Thin outer layer of cytoplasm 12. Inner layer of cytoplasm that includes organelles

Structures Trichocyst are the defense of the paramecium, a harpoon like structure that releases a toxin to kill or paralyze other microorganisms https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HMWQL4B4YCA

Reproduction Asexually through binary fission https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vnlkvquWXS8

Sexual Reproduction 2 Paramecium connect at the oral grooves and exchange micronuclei https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d3MqPerFU7I

Oral Cavity & Contractile Vacuole https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZPLHASlbdM