Nationalism Unit 5

Warm-up What is your definition of nationalism? What makes you an American? (List at least 3 reasons why you identify as an American)

Napoleon falls… Napoleon gains power after the French Revolution in 1799. He loses power after the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, and is exiled from France twice.

Congress of Vienna After Napoleon’s downfall and exile, 5 European kings came together in Vienna, Austria in 1814-1815 They had a few goals: Prevent the French from causing more disruption to other countries Create a balance of power in Europe (everyone is on the same page) Restore absolute monarchies in all European countries *** THIS PUT LOUIS XVIII (LOUIS XVI’S BROTHER) ON THE THRONE- FRANCE HAS A KING AGAIN, EVEN AFTER THE REVOLUTION AND NAPOLEON***

The congress of Vienna had an unintentional side effect… nationalism!!

Kings at Congress of Vienna want to go back to the ‘way things used to be’ with absolute monarchies People have seen the ‘light’ through the French Revolution. They’re like “HA! Yeah, forget that…” Hence… Nationalism!

Nationalism Definition: Being loyal to ones nation (not necessarily their ruler) Three definitions you need to know: Nation: Does NOT necessarily mean being loyal to a country. Really, it’s a group of people who share common characteristics (language, religion, history) State: Is a physical border where a government has power over the people inside the border Nation-state: A state in which the citizens in it share mostly common characteristics

Movie clip… What are they saying to each other? What are some nationalist ideas you heard discussed? What are the things they have in common as French people? What are some of the problems they are having?

Clash of philosophies Conservative Wealthy and/or nobility Keep tradition/avoid too much change Wanted to keep absolute monarchs in power Liberal Middle class Dislike monarchies, want elected government bodies BUT- don’t think everyone should be able to rule- only those that are educated Radical Ideas are considered to be radical Everyone deserves democracy, regardless of social class or education Want drastic changes

Why did nationalism spread? The rise of democratic ideas and the growth of an educated middle class. People wanted to decide how they were governed, instead of absolute monarchs deciding for them.

revolutions Because of this spread of ideas, nationalist revolutions start happening all over Europe from the 1820’s-1850’s

Austro-Hungarian Empire Hungarians, Germans, Czechs, Poles, Serbs, Italians Ottoman Empire Turks, Greeks, Slavs, Arabs, Armenians Russian Empire Ukrainians, Lithuanians, Latvians, Estonians, Jews, Romanians, Armenians, Turks

Going back to the Warm up… What makes you an American?

Bonds that create a nation-state