Ero1 complex analysis. Ero1 complex analysis. (A) Disulfide patterns of Ero1α OX2 (Appenzeller-Herzog et al, 2008; Inaba et al, 2010; Hansen et al, 2012)

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Ero1 complex analysis. Ero1 complex analysis. (A) Disulfide patterns of Ero1α OX2 (Appenzeller-Herzog et al, 2008; Inaba et al, 2010; Hansen et al, 2012) and Ero1β oxidized (OX) redox states (Hansen et al, 2014). Cysteines are shown as circles with reported functions indicated with colors. Disulfide connectivity is represented by black lines. Cys166 of Ero1α has previously been suggested to form a disulfide bond to an unknown partner (Appenzeller-Herzog et al, 2008). (B) SDS–PAGE analysis of purified wild-type Ero1α complex, wild-type Ero1β complex, and monomeric PDI. (C) Mixed disulfide between Ero1 and PDI was studied by introducing mutations to the outer active site and the adjacent regulatory cysteines of Ero1. CCCC, wild-type Ero1; CAAC (i.a.), inactivating Ero1α C99/104A or Ero1β C95/100A mutants; CCAA (h.a.), hyperactivating Ero1α C104/131A or Ero1β C100/130A mutants; AACC, outer active site Ero1α C94/99A or Ero1β C90/95A mutants; and AAAA, all four cysteines mutated. Samples were reduced by β-mercaptoethanol. (D) Reducing SDS–PAGE analysis of loss of mixed disulfide by mutating Cys166 of Ero1α or Cys165 of Ero1β to alanine. (E) PDI side of the mixed disulfide was analyzed by mutating active site cysteines (Cys53/55/397/400) to either alanine (A) or methionine (M) as indicated. The same protein samples were R or NEM+NR, run on different gels, and aligned. (F) Reducing SDS–PAGE analysis of exchange of PDI molecules in the Ero1 complexes. His-tagged Ero1 complexes were mixed with 1:1 M ratio (+) or 10:1 M ratio (++) of non-tagged PDI or PDI3FLAG variant followed by incubation at RT and purification by IMAC. Control samples of Ero1 complexes without external PDI variant and PDI variants without Ero1 complex were treated similarly and analyzed additionally before IMAC. R, reduced; NEM+NR, NEM-treated nonreduced; and M, molecular weight marker. Antti Moilanen et al. LSA 2018;1:e201800090 © 2018 Moilanen et al.