Review of Momentum In grade 11 we learned that momentum was defined as mass in ________________. All massive objects that are moving carry with them.

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Presentation transcript:

Review of Momentum In grade 11 we learned that momentum was defined as mass in ________________. All massive objects that are moving carry with them momentum, and the amount of momentum is directly proportional to the mass of the object and its velocity. Momentum is given the symbol ________, and can be expressed with the following equation: Since momentum depends on the velocity of the object and velocity depends on direction, momentum is a _______________ quantity, and has the units of . motion p vector

Examples: Rev 1: Calculate the momentum of a 1500.0 kg car traveling at 15.0 m/s. Rev 2: For a 4500.0 kg bus to have the same momentum as the car in practice 1, how fast should it be moving?

3 3 proportional mass double Notice that the bus in review 2 is _______ times more massive than the car in review 1 and notice that the car in review 1 is moving ____ times faster than the bus in review 2! Momentum is directly _______________ to both velocity and ___________. If you triple the velocity of a moving object you also triple its momentum. If you double the mass of a moving object you also __________________ its momentum. 3 proportional mass double

Review of Impulse velocity force Question: How do we change the momentum of an object without changing its mass? Since momentum is mass times _____________, if mass is constant we need to change the velocity! Newton’s first law states that an object with constant velocity will remain with constant velocity until acted upon by an external unbalanced ____________. Therefore, to change the momentum of a moving object we need to change its velocity by applying a force. velocity force

The length of time multiplied by the force that is applied is given the name impulse. Impulse can be easily derived as shown below from Newton’s second law. From above we can see that the impulse is equal to the change in an objects momentum.

Rev 3:. A 1500. 0 kg car is traveling with a velocity of 25 Rev 3: A 1500.0 kg car is traveling with a velocity of 25.0 m/s when a motor bike cuts in front of the car. The car slams on the brakes and slows down at a constant rate to 5.0 m/s in 1.50 seconds. Calculate the change in the cars momentum Calculate the size of the net force on the car Rev 4:The same car in review 3 resumes traveling at 25.0 m/s after the motor bike leaves and on approach to a red light begins to slow down at a constant rate to 5.0 m/s in 6.5 seconds.

From analyzing example 1 and 2 we should recognize that the change in the cars momentum was the same in both situations meaning the impulse was also the same. The external unbalanced force needed to slow the car was greater for the situation which had less time, and less for the situation with more time! Complete Homework questions.