The War at Home and the End of WWI Section 3 & 4

The War Industries Board- used to create mass production techniques to eliminate waste Regulated- government controlled the businesses Economy rose to all time high because the Allies and US needed goods to go to Europe. War Industries Board

Food Administration Run by Herbert Hoover Tried to encourage saving of food. Wanted people to go “meatless” or “wheat-less” Encouraged “Victory Gardens”- growing of home plants Food Administration

Committee on Public Information- put out propaganda to ensure that the country would support the US Run by George Creel Used posters, film, newspapers, to get people to support the war. Propaganda

Most people did not want immigrants to come into the US for fear of spreading German rhetoric. Foods were renamed to ensure people would not “support” Germans. EX: Frankfurter became hot dog, Hamburger became Liberty steak. Attack on Rights

Espionage and Sedition Acts US passed Espionage and Sedition Acts Espionage and Sedition Acts- person could be fined up to $10,000 and sentenced to 20 years in jail for interfering or speaking out about the government. Violation? Espionage and Sedition Acts

African Americans, Women and WWI African-Americans had a great opportunity when the war started. Jobs were left by white men in the north which allowed African Americans to move north. Great Migration- 1910-1920 movement in which African Americans moved to Northern cities. Most African Americans moved to major cities: St. Louis, Chicago, and New York (settling in Harlem). Women would join the war effort by going to work. Women would also become nurses. After the war, most women went back home. African Americans, Women and WWI

Great Migration

Met with the Big Four: David Lloyd George (England), Georges Clemenceau (France), Woodrow Wilson (US), Vittorio Orlando (Italy) Wilson wanted to end all wars and gave the Fourteen Points Peace plan proposed by Wilson Biggest points of Wilson’s plan was: 1. No secret treaties 2. Freedom of the Seas 3. Tariffs should be abolished to create more trade 4. Reduction of weapons (arms). 5. Get rid of land received in Imperialism. 14. Start of the League of Nations League of Nations- would be a place where countries could talk about business and settle issues without going to war. Wilson and Peace

Peace talks were debated at the Palace of Versailles in France Germany to pay Reparation- payment for damages Germany also had to accept a War-guilt clause- put blame on Germany for starting the war Established many new nations: Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia Get rid of Ottoman Empire Gave land to France and England Treaty of Versailles

US and the Treaty of Versailles US senators had to give final approval Henry Cabot Lodge- Senator that rejected the Treaty and called for the US not to accept it. Afraid that US would have to go to war even though it didn’t want to. Wilson tried to convince the US citizens to accept it; but, had a stroke in the middle of his speaking tour. US never joined the League of Nations US used War Bonds to pay for the war. US and the Treaty of Versailles

US never joined the League of Nations and it would later collapse because the US never got into it. Allowed African-Americans to move up to the North. Brought one million women into the work force US citizens called for isolationism- period where the US would not get involved in foreign policy. Treaty of Versailles would punish Germany to the point where they looked for revenge and Adolf Hitler would rise to power. War Legacy