Learning Objectives To learn the difference between static and current electricity To build a circuit.

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Presentation transcript:

Learning Objectives To learn the difference between static and current electricity To build a circuit

Current Electricity Refers to the movement of electrons through a conductor in a controlled fashion

Static vs Current Electricity Static Electricity Current Electricity Steady in a given direction Type of electron movement Random Path of electrons Unpredictable Can be directed Short Long Duration of flow Can power appliances Stationery objects Usefulness

Electric Circuits To make any electrical device operate a continuous flow of electrons is required The continual flow of electrons is called an electric circuit What do we need to complete a circuit?

1. Energy Source As small as a battery… as large as a generating station

2. The Load Any device which converts electrical energy to another form of energy In other words, anything that runs on electricity

3. Connecting Wires Joins all the parts of the circuit together Allow the source and the load to be far apart Made of good conducting material Provide a controlled path for electrons

4. The Switch Optional Controls electron flow ‘On’ = closed circuit and electrons flow ‘Off’ = open circuit and flow is stopped

Closed circuit – Switch is ‘on’

Open circuit – Switch is ‘off’

Circuit Symbols Sources of electrical energy: + - Single battery + - Single battery Three batteries

Electrical Conductor: (always draw 90o corners, and straight lines) Control Device: Open Switch Closed Switch

Loads:

Loads, cont’d: Ohmmeter

Why do we use circuit diagrams? So this……. Becomes this!

Series Circuits Electrons have only one path to follow Loads are all connected one after the other (i.e. in series) If any part of the circuit is broken, none of the loads will work Ex: if one light bulb burns out, none will light up

How would you draw a circuit diagram for 3 lamps connected in series, with a switch and one electric cell? Draw a circuit diagram with a three-cell battery in series with a switch and 2 lamps.

Parallel Circuits Electrons have two or more paths to follow Loads are all connected by branches One faulty load will not affect the others Ex: if one light bulb burns out, the others will continue to work In your home, parallel circuits separate smaller series circuits

How would you draw a circuit showing a two-cell battery with three lamps connected in parallel, and a switch for each lamp? Draw a circuit diagram showing a two-cell battery, two lamps, and one motor. The loads are connected in parallel.

Practice! Page 436 # 1 - 5