Kanalet e Distribuimit

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Presentation transcript:

Kanalet e Distribuimit Vendosja e produkteve tek konsumatori

The 4(7) P’s Place Product Price Promotion People Processes Physical evidence Also known as the Marketing Mix

Vendimarja per VENDIN dhe planfikimi I marketingut strategjik This slide relates to material on p. 295.  In this presentation we will continue our discussion of one of the four Ps – Place. When managers think about Place, they are concerned with making goods and services available in the right quantities, right locations, when customers want them.

Distribucioni/Shperndarja/vendi Pse eshte me rendesi ? Siç e dini, marketing mix-i përfshin vendime në lidhje me produktin, çmimin,vendin, dhe promovimin. Në këtë kapitull ne do të shqyrtojmë (vendimmarrjen per ) vendin -që është,si produkt do të shpërndahet dhe shitet në treg. Marrja e vendimit të sakte per vend ka një ndikim në gjithë operacionin e një biznesi.

Cka eshte kanali I distribuimit? Rrugën te cilen një produkt e merr nga prodhuesi te shfrytëzuesi i fundit.

Kanalet e Distribuimit Prodhuesi Shitesi me Shumicë Agjenti Shitësi me pakicë Shpërndarja Industriale KONSUMATORI / Perdoruesi Industrial

Industrial Users / Perodrusesi Industrial Tregu përbëhet nga të gjithë konsumatorët të cilët bëjnë blerjet për qëllime të biznesit,gjithashtu i quhen  tregu-B2B-biznes-biznes

Consumers/ Konsumatoret Ata te cilet blejen dhe perdorin produktin

Planning a Retailer’s Strategy This slide relates to material on pp. 296-297. Indicates place where slide “builds” to include the corresponding point (upon mouse click). Convenience ? Konvenon ( lehte me u sherby) Product Selection Perzgjedhja e madhe Karakteristikat kryesore te cilat ndikojne ne perzgjedhjen e vendit bleres Fairness in Dealings Fair ne marrveshje/shtije Helpful Information Informata te cailat ndihmojne Summary Overview Consumers have many reasons for buying from particular retailers. The retailer’s whole offering—assortment of goods, advice from salesclerks, convenience, and other factors—is its “Product”. Key Issues Features of a retailer’s offering that relate to economic needs include: Convenience: Customers want reasonable convenience in retail outlets. Product Selection: Most customers want a choice of assortment, brands, and quality. Fairness in Dealings: Customers want to know that the retailer is honest. Helpful Information: Knowledgeable salespeople, displays, demonstrations, and product information can be principal reasons for choosing a particular retailer. Prices. Customers use price to weigh the value offered. Price can be varied by the use of credit terms and special discounts. Discussion Question: Using discounts and credit to attract customers can be a sensible part of a marketing mix. But is there an unethical side to this practice? Features of a retailer’s offering that relate to social or emotional needs include: Social Image: Some customers seek status, prestige, or a feeling of “fitting in.” Shopping Atmosphere: Comfort, safety, excitement, relaxation, sounds, smells. Retail strategy requires carefully set policies about all of these needs, because each of them can be a source of competitive advantage. Consumer needs also relate to segmentation and positioning, because different retailers emphasize different strategies. Prices/ Qmimet Social Image / Imixhi Social Shopping Atmosphere Atmosfera e blerjes

Intermediaries/ Ndermjetesuesit Ndërmjetësuesit janë anëtarë të kanalit distributiv që ndihmojnë lëvizjen e produktet  nga prodhuesi ose prodhuesit te përdoruesit përfundimtar. "ndërmjetës”

Llojet e Ndermjeteuesve Tregtare/ Shitesi ndermjetesues Me shumice Me pakice ELKOSI Dyqnet per elkotronik Agent/ Agjentet Nderrmjetesuestit Agjent te pavarur te fabrikes Brokers / “Shpekulantet”

Tregtraret Me shumice & pakice Wholesalers/ Me shumice Blejne sasi të mëdha të mallrave nga prodhuesit,  I ruajne ( ne depo te mallrave),  dhe rishesin ato  bizneseve të tjera. Retailers/ me pakice Shesin produktet tek konsumatori I fundit permes dyqaneve personale

Blerja permes internetit Blerja Elektronike Blerja permes internetit Home Shopping Networks (Top Shop)

Distribucioni Ndermjetesuesi Ndërmjetësuesit zvoglojne numrin e transaksioneve të kërkuara nga prodhuesi deri  të klientët e tyre të  fundit. Çfarë shpenzimet e  biznesit ulen me këto transaksione?

Vending Service Companies/ Kompanie per Shitje sherbimi Vending Machines Blejnë produkte të prodhuesit dhe shesin përmes makinave që disponojnë mallra për konsumatorët. Vending Machines

Agjentet Agjentet e pavarur te prodhuesit Broker Representojne disa Prodhues jo konkurrues te nje industrie specifike Broker Agjent I shitjes per disa produes Munde te rkalmojne mallra por edhe te shesin

Transportation Companies & Storage Warehouses Kompanite Transportuese ( logjistike) & Depot Nuk jane pjesë e kanalit të shpërndarjes, sepse ata nuk e marrin titullin për mallrat e as nuk janë të përfshirë në negocimin këtë titull.

Shperndarja Direkte dhe Indirekte Direkt - Prodhimet dhe sherbimet shiten direkt prej prodhuesit te konsumatori final- ska ndermjetesues Indirekt - Prodhimet dhe sherbimet shiten permes ndermjetesuesit

5 Channels for Consumer Products 5 Kanalet per Produktet per konsumatore ( te fundit) A – Shitja Direkte prej Prodhuesit tek konsumatori – ne ks? B –Prej Prodhuesi te Tregtari me shumice te konsumatori final-? C – Prodhusei- T. me shumice- T. me pakice - Konsumatori D –Prodhuesi- Agjenti- T.me shumice- T. me pakice- Konsumatori E –Prodhuesi – Agjenti- T.me pakice – Konsumatori I fundit

4 Channels for Industrial Products/ 4 kanalet per Prodhimet industriale A –Prodhuesi te perdosuresi industrial – Zyret? B –Prodhuesi- Distributori Industrial- te Perdorusesi I fundit Industrial- C – Prodhuesi – Agjenti- Distributori Industrial- perdorusesi I fundit Industrial D –Prodhuesi- Agjenti- perdoruesi I fundit industrial

Komapnite komjuterike shkojne direkt- Rast studimi Dell: Prodhuesi te konsumatori apo prodhuesi te perdoruesi I fudit industrial ( direkt te dyjat)Big three: Shtija me Katalog – (sikurse Dell); Shtija permes T.me pakice- prodhuesi –T.me pakice- konsumatori I fundit apo te distributori industrial te perdorusesi I fundit industrial (indirket) Kompanite e mdhaja kishin friken nga DELL dhe kompanite e te cilat distrbojne direkt dhe qe krijojne produkte te “kepura per qefi” me qmime te volitshme

Rack Jobbers (mirebjatesit?) Menaxhojne inventarin dhe Merchandising(prodhimet reklamuese) duke numëruar mallin, e mbushur atë kur është e nevojshme dhe mirebajne dyqanin. - Grocery Store

Skica ORganizative 21.1 Kanalet e Distribuimit Manufacturers / Producers Agents Wholesalers Retailers Consumers

Konsiderimet te cilat duhen te mirren gjate planifikimit te distribucionit Vendimet te cilat perfshije levizjen fizike te produkteve dhe transefimin e pronesise prej prodhuesit te konsumatori Vendimet per distribucion te cilat afektojne programin e marketingut JO tradicionale dhe multikanale, kontrola vs kostot, itesitetit I distribucionit

Jo tradicional dhe multikanalet Shtija ne tipat e dyqaneve te ndryshme ( jo tipike) Shitja edhe Konsuamtreve me pakice edhe atyre industrial

Kontrolla vs Kostot Kushe e ben shitjen? Kush I dikton kushtet Shitja mbrenda firmes Agjentet Kush I dikton kushtet Mass Merchandisers Small Retailers / Shitesit e vogel me pakice

Intensiteti I Shperndarjes Intensive Mbulesa totale e tregut Te gjitha shitoret e pershtatshme Selektive Numri I kufizuar I shitoreve Me te perkontroll Exklusive Territore te ruajtura Franshisa

Planifikimi I Shperndarjes ne tregjet e huaja Problemet shtese per shperndarje ne tregjet e hauaja Japoni – Lidhjet personale intensive , “ruajtja e ftyres” Amerika Latine ( edhe KS) – Korrupcioni, Mungesa e aftesive, mungesa e financave