Speaking on Special Occasions

Speech “Genres” “A rhetorical speech genre represents a coherent and recognized arrangement of elements in a composition or discourse that is appropriate to certain occasions and that creates audience expectations that constrain and guide a speech’s content, style, and delivery.”

Genres Genres are methods for interpreting objects (texts)

Genres Genres are practical tools that speakers can use to anticipate and control the reactions of an audience Genres serve to provide audience members with frameworks for interpretation.

Examples of Genres

Examples of Genres

Examples of Genres

Influence of the Occasion Specific speeches for specific occasions Constraints created by occasions Constraints not absolute

Decorum “A decorous speech is one that conforms to the expectations of a particular occasion.” Formality Length Intensity

Decorum Supporting material Identification Identify your purpose

Deliberative Speaking Prevalent with any formal or informal decision-making group – “What shall we do?” Answer not self evident, but a decision is required Involves informing and persuading

Deliberative Speaking Community Service Oral reports & presentations Group presentations Public hearings & debates

Ceremonial Speaking Also known as epideictic speaking Focus on values and bringing people together Impact of resonance Articulating unexpressed feelings

Ceremonial Speaking Speeches of greeting Speeches of tribute Introductions Speeches of tribute Testimonials, eulogies, toasts, roasts Speeches marking awards Presentation, acceptance

Deliberative/Ceremonial Keynote After-dinner Commencement

Bobby Kennedy on Death of Martin Luther King, Jr.

Reagan’s Challenger Address