Ex. 52-53: Respiratory
Upper Respiratory
external nares (nostrils)
nasal cavity
nasal septum
perpendicular plate
vomer bone
internal nares
Nasal conchae superior middle inferior
Paranasal sinuses
ethmoid
frontal
maxillary
sphenoid
hard palate
pharynx
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
larynx
epiglottis
thyroid cartilage
arytenoid cartilage
corniculate cartilage
cricoid cartilage
Vocal cords False vocal cord True vocal cord
glottis (opening)
Lower Respiratory Tract
trachea
carina
respiratory Tree
primary bronchi
secondary (lobar) bronchi
tertiary (segmental) bronchi
intralobular bronchiole
terminal bronchiole
respiratory bronchiole
alveolar duct
alveolar sac
alveoli
lungs
lobes
Right lung 1 – 3 lobes 2 3
Left lung 1 – 2 lobes 2
RESPIRATORY MUSCLES KNOW the muscle involved in normal and forced ventilation
INSPIRATORY MUSCLES
diaphragm
external intercostals
sternocleidomastoid
pectoralis minor
scalenes
EXPIRATORY MUSCLES
internal intercostals
rectus abdominis
external oblique
internal oblique
Transverse abdominis
parietal pleura Outer surface Contacts ribs
pleural cavity Space between
visceral pleura Inner surface Covers lung Like cellophane
Next: Ex. 54 & 55 Breathing & Respiratory Volumes