Respiration Lung Compliance.

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Presentation transcript:

Respiration Lung Compliance

Change in Lung volume per unit change in transpulmonary pressure Lung Compliance Definition: Change in Lung volume per unit change in transpulmonary pressure C = Δ Volume / Δ Pressure = 200 ml / cm H2O TYPES: 1. Static Lung Compliance 2. Dynamic Lung Compliance

Lung Compliance Curves Measurement of Static Lung Compliance ( Isolated Lungs) Two Parameters are measured to plot the Compliance Curve 1. Intra pleural Pressure ----(By using Intra esophageal balloon method) 2. Volume of air inspired or Expired-- (By Spirometer) Hysteresis Transpulmonary

Lung Compliance in Air Filled Vs Saline Filled lungs

Surface Tension

Surface Tension: Demo-soap bubbles What will happen ? nothing little one to big one big one to little one equilibrate P2 P1

Surface Tension A N S W E R

Laplace Law P=2T/R

Role of surfactant

Lung Surfactant

Surfactant Source: Type-II, Granular Pneumocytes in alveoli (By Exocytosis Composition: Mixture of Phospholipids Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine—62% Phosphatidyl glycerol----------------- 05% Other Phospholipids------------------ 10% Neutral Lipids--------------------------- 13% Proteins----------------------------------- 08% Carbohydrates------------------------- 02% Ca++

Functions of Surfactant 1. Stabilizes the size of the Alveoli by reducing surface tension ( Prevents overstretching as well as Collapsing) 2. Prevents Pulmonary Edema. Deficiency at birth -> Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Work of Breathing Work is performed by respiratory muscles 1. Stretch the elastic tissue of the chest wall &lungs, ( Compliance work or Elastic Work)------------- 65 % 2. Overcome the viscosity of lungs and chest wall structures (Tissue resistance work)-------7% 3. Overcome airway resistance (Airway Resistance work)------------- 28 %

Work of Breathing ENERGY Expenditure: 3-5 % of the total energy expended by the body > 50 fold during exercise provided airways are normal

Compliance Work

Dynamic Lung Compliance Curve Airway Resistance