Physiology of the Respiratory System

Respiratory Physiology Pulmonary Ventilation = breathing Mechanism ___________________________________________________ When atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg) is greater than lung pressure ---- air flows in = _________. When lung pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure ---- air flows out = ___________.

Respiratory Physiology Pressure gradients are established by changes in thoracic cavity. ______________= a decrease in pressure --- air moves in. ______________= increase in pressure --- air moves out.

Inspiration -___________________________________________________

Expiration ________________________________________________

Circulation and Gas Exchange Recall the interconnection between circulation and the respiratory system. Gas exchange at the lungs and in the body cells moves oxygen into cells and carbon dioxide out.

Volumes of Air Exchange ____________- amount of air exhaled normally after a typical inspiration. Normal - about 500 ml Expiratory Reserve volume - _______________________________________________(1 – 1.2 L). _______________- (deep breath) amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled over and above normal. (3 L)

Volumes of Air Exchange Residual volume - ______________________________________________(about 1.2 liters). ________________________– amount of air remaining in the lungs after the expiration of a normal breath at rest (2.3 liters)

Volumes of Air Exchange Vital capacity - _________________________________________________. (4.6 L) Vital capacity = ____________ ______________maximu amoiunt of air the lungs can hold (5.8 L) _____________

Volumes of Air Exchange ________ - normal quiet breathing, 12-17 breaths per minute. Hyperpnea - increase in breathing to meet an increased demand by body for oxygen. Hyperventilation - increase in pulmonary ventilation in excess of the need for oxygen. _____________ - decrease in pulmonary ventilation. ____________ - temporary cessation of breathing at the end of normal expiration.