Impact of the National Policy (NP) on Quebec

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Presentation transcript:

Impact of the National Policy (NP) on Quebec

AGRICULTURE in Quebec 1870s-1890s Problems Not enough fertile land for farmers Farming techniques that were not efficient Farmers were sometimes not able to produce enough, even for their families

AGRICULTURE NP in Québec Agriculture: changes Modernization Wheat  Dairy production and other types of crops Oats, potatoes, tobacco Modernization ex. : Teaching farmers new techniques, schools for farming

Population of Québec & emigration1871-1901 Pop. of Québec in 1871 1.2 million Pop. of Québec in 1901  1.65 million Augmentation of 38 % Within the same years for the rest of Canada  augmentation of 49% Why such a difference between Quebec and the rest of Canada? Birth rate? No. Québec had an elevated birth rate between 1871-1901…

Population of Québec & emigration1871-1901 EMIGRATION? Yes!!! emigration= leaving the place you live (country, province, region) for a short or long period of time  different reasons like war, lack of work food, etc. Lots of French Canadians left Quebec between 1870-1890 for the United States (New England Maine/Massachusetts/ New Hampshire) Why? Lack of work  on farms especially / lack of fertile soil and land  can’t make a profit

Population leaving Québec: 1871-1930 Number of people Destination 930, 000 United States 70, 000-80,000 Ontario 25, 000 Western Canada

Farmer from Quebec leaving for the United states

Population of Québec & emigration1871-1901 Lots of French Canadians ended up working in factories in the United States Lots of people living in the New England region now can trace their ancestors to immigrants from Quebec

Population of Québec & emigration1871-1901 Soulutions to stop emmigration? Colonization in the late 1800s develop new ares where people an practice agriculture. Groups promoting this  Catholic Church / Government of Québec Catholic church thought that the people needed to « be close to th earth and nature » (agriculturalism) 5 developed regions  Laurentians, Témiscamingue/Outaouais, Lac St. Jean, Mauricie/ Bas St. Laurent & Gaspésie

Témiscamingue/ Outaouais Laurentians Lac St. Jean Mauricie/ Bas St. Laurent Gaspésie Railways

Population of Québec & emigration1871-1901 How did people get to these new regions? New railway lines: Connect these regions with cities (Montréal, Québec, Sherbrooke, Trois Rivières) Northern line  Connections between Montréal, St. Jérôme and the Laurentians Did the plan to start new regions for colinization work? No. The soils was too sandy, not great for agriculture / temperatures were too cold…