Balancing nationalism and sectionalism Chapter 7

10/20/15 Analyze the Jackson presidency and its effects on national government. Describe how Jackson's presidency represented “the Age of the Common Man.“

Andrew Jackson 1828-1836 7th President The first “self-made” man and the first westerner to become President. Founder of the Democratic Party. Expanded executive powers.

Andrew Jackson Nicknamed “Old Hickory” for his toughness Major General during the War of 1812 - greatest military hero since George Washington Led a military campaign against Seminole & Creek Indians

The Era of Good Feelings James Monroe 1816, 1820 Jeffersonian Republican rule Disappearance of Federalists Nonpartisan harmony

Election of 1824: The End of good feelings? Competition for votes between party factions caused an increase in suffrage. Five Republican candidates ran for president.

Andrew Jackson John Quincy Adams

“Campaign of the common man” Appealed to all new voters. “absolute acceptance of majority rule as expressed through the democratic process” Jackson told voters that their needs were ignored by the national economic plans of previous governments.

Result: 3 times as many people vote & Andrew Jackson wins

Jackson’s 1929 levee “It was the People’s day, the People’s president and the People would rule.” - Margaret Bayard Smith 20,000 people from all classes tracked mud into the White House

‘Jacksonian democracy’ Jackson won the election because of his belief that the presidency was based on the will of the people.

Vs. Bureaucracy Distrusts DC bureaucrats Fires hundreds and replaces with his supporters Rewards his campaign supporters with jobs – The Spoils System

Vs. Nullification South Carolina opposed the Federal Tariff of 1832 Tariff: tax on imports South Carolina opposed the Federal Tariff of 1832 “a disgusting and loathsome tariff” South Carolina claims it can nullify the tariff - Reject the legality of federal laws Jackson threatens to send military to collect the tariff

Vs. The National Bank Thinks bank is the tool of wealthy Vetoes its charter in 1832 Places Federal money is state banks Causes Panic of 1837

Vs. Native Americans Passes the Indian Removal Act 1830 - Federal government forced Native Americans in Florida and Georgia out “5 Civilized Tribes” appealed in Supreme Court and won. Jackson ignore the ruling. Trail of Tears forced 800 mile west to Indian Territory (OK)

Creation of the modern Democratic Party Protection of popular democracy Expanded use of the presidential veto