Chapter 6: Blood and Lymphatic/Immune System Professor Fowler Medical Terminology Chapter 6: Blood and Lymphatic/Immune System Professor Fowler

Blood Combining Forms Agglutin/o: clumping Hem/o, Hemat/o: blood Bas/o: basic Leuk/o: white Chrom/o: color Neutr/o: neutral Coagul/o: clotting Phag/o: eat, swallow Cyt/o: cell Sanguin/o: blood Eosin/o: rosy red Thromb/o: blood clot Erythr/o: red

Blood Suffixes -cytosis: more than normal number of cells -phil: attraction for -poiesis: formation -stasis: standing still -emia: blood condition -globin: protein -penia: abnormal decrease

Vocabulary/Pathology Blood Clot (pic) Coagulate: to clot Hemorrhage: excessive bleeding Hemophilia: cannot clot Hyperlipidemia: too much fat in the blood Leukemia: white blood cell condition

Anemia –Most Common Iron-deficiency Pernicious: insufficient absorption of vitamin B12 Sickle cell: RBC abnormally shaped

Abbreviations BMT: bone marrow transplant C & S: culture and sensitivity CBC: complete blood count Diff: differential HCT: hematocrit Hgb: hemoglobin pro-time: prothrombin time

Blood About 5 liters in average adult Mixture of formed cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets) and plasma Hematopoiesis: formation of blood cells Purposes: transport(RBC), protection (WBC), control of bleeding (platelets)

Components of Blood

Plasma 55% of whole blood 90-92% water 8-10% dissolved substances

Erythrocytes Biconcave and enucleated Hemoglobin About 5 million per cubic centimeter Average life span is 120 days

Leukocytes Provide protection from pathogens like bacteria, viruses, and others About 8,000 per cubic centimeter

Platelets Thrombocytes Between 200,000 and 300,000 per cubic centimeter Hemostasis: blood clotting

Blood Typing Type A Type B Type AB (universal recipient) Type O (universal donor) Rh Positive negative

Combining Forms Match Up agglutin/o chrom/o cyt/o erythr/o leuk/o color red clumping cell white

Words to Know for Lymphatic System and Immune System Adenoid/o: adenoids Lymphangi/o: lymph vessel Axill/o: armpit Path/o: disease Immun/o: immune/protection Splen/o: spleen Inguin/o: groin Thym/o: thymus Lymphaden/o: lymph node Tonsill/o: tonsils Tox/o: toxic, poison -edema: swelling

Standard Precautions Vocabulary Nosocomial infection: Infection caught at medical facility Cross infection: contaminate others Reinfection: re-contaminate self Self-inoculation: spread infection on self OSHA: Occupation Health and Safety Administration – keeps employees safe at work

Vocabulary/Pathology Allergen: substance that can cause allergic reaction Anaphylactic shock: severe allergic reaction Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS): symptoms of the HIV virus Autoimmune disease: immune system attacking own body Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): virus causing AIDS Inflammation: body’s response to injury Opportunistic infection: infection appearing in immunocompromised person Vaccination: immunity to virus through injection – “immunization”

Abbreviations AIDS: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay HIV: human immunodeficiency virus KS: Kaposi’s sarcoma Mono: mononucleosis

Lymphatic System Consists of lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus gland and tonsils Immunity Lymph Lacteals: in abdomen, Used for fat metabolism

Lymphatic Vessels One way pipes Very low pressure so have valves

Lymph Nodes Collection of lymphatic tissue Remove pathogens and cell debris

Tonsils Collection of lymph tissue along lymph vessels Palatine Pharyngeal (adenoids) Lingual

Spleen LUQ Filters and destroys old red blood cells, recycles iron, and stores some of the blood supply for body Macrophages engulf and remove pathogens

Thymus Gland Behind the sternum Develops the immune system

Immunity Body’s ability to defend self against pathogens like bacteria, viruses, toxins, and cancer cells Natural immunity (innate) Acquired immunity (have to get) Passive Active

Combining Forms Match Up axill/o immun/o path/o splen/o tox/o disease spleen poison protection underarm