Tuesday, 4 September 07 eko@stikom.edu Pronouns Tuesday, 4 September 07 eko@stikom.edu.

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Presentation transcript:

Tuesday, 4 September 07 eko@stikom.edu Pronouns Tuesday, 4 September 07 eko@stikom.edu

Personal (indicates specific person, number, gender, and case) subject object poss. ref/int poss.adj I Me Mine Myself My We Us Ours Ourselves Our You Yours Yourself Your They Them Theirs Themselves Their He Him Himself His She Her Hers Herself It Its Itself it

demonstrative It points to and identifies noun/pronoun Forms:  this (sing, nearby)  that (sing, farther away)  these (plural, nearby)  those (plural, farther away)

Relative Relative pronouns introduce one type of subordinate clause called a relative clause (which "relates" to the primary clause). These pronouns have various forms which depend on their role within the clause or according to their case. FORMS: subject (who, which, that), object (whom, which, that), possessive personal who whom whose non-personal which whose that Examples: I went to see the singer who was in town. I read the book which the professor recommended to me.

Exercise: Each of the sentences contain personal pronoun Exercise: Each of the sentences contain personal pronoun. Circle the pronoun. Then indicate if the sentences are correct (C) or incorrect (I) Her and Bob came over to visit me. He opened the refrigerator and took some food from it She lent it to you and I My desk is located near hers Theirs suggestion was unrealistic I like his ideas and hers If my friend calls, please tell them that I will return the call. The girls ran too fast, and she fell down In the autumn, the tree lost its leaves. The travelers lost their ways in the storm The boy got the box and he opened it carefully The woman left their earrings at home, so she wasn’t wearing them

Facts of pronoun errors in TOEFL Errors in pronoun agreement (pronoun referent)  a pronoun must agree with personal pronoun to which it refers Errors in pronoun form and type the misplaced function of personal pronoun Incorrect inclusion of pronoun  unnecessary use of pronoun  redundancy Please do the following exercise !!! 

Errors in pronoun agreement  Jackrabbits have powerful rear legs that enable it to leap A B C long distances. D The best way for children to learn science is for them A B to perform experiments himself C D Trademarks enable a company to distinguish its A B products form these of another company. C D

Errors in pronoun form and type  Heman Melville gathered material for him novels, A B including Moby Dick, during his year at sea C D As larvae, barnacle are free-swimming, but as adults A B they attach them to stones, docks, and hulls of ship C D A barometer is a device it is used to measure A B C atmospheric pressure. D

Incorrect inclusion of pronoun  Black Island in Long Island Sound it is surrounded by A B C cold, dangerous waters. D Dutch elm disease which it is caused by a fungus A B can destroy a tree within four weeks C D Certain types of turtles that may live as long as 100 A B C years.