The Immune System Medical Foundations

Topic Outline 1st and 2nd lines of Defense The Immune System innate B cells Vaccinations T cells Allergies innate acquired

First Lines of Defense:. Skin. Mucus membranes First Lines of Defense: Skin Mucus membranes Chemical/enzymatic barriers Chemical Barriers Examples: Lysozymes & HCL

Second Lines of Defense include… Inflammation Pyrogenics (Fever) Interferons Complement system And next page

Third Line of Defense: The Immune System Our immune system is housed in our WBCs WBCs = white blood cells= Leukocytes Lymphocytes Phagocytes Monocytes Eosinophils

Two types of Lymphocytes 1. B Cells 2. T Cells Antibody Defense= humoral Cell to cell contact= cell mediated Cytotoxic T cells Helper T cells To be discussed

Where we come from… T lymphocytes B lymphocytes

Onto: The Defense System of a B lymphocytes

Invaders and defenders Antigens Antibody Foreign invaders

5 general classes of immunoglobulins & their functions IgA IgD IgE IgM IgG Defends body surfaces “mucosa” uncertain Associated with allergies Recognizes current blood antigens Recognizes pathogens encountered in one’s past

Shapes of different Immunoglobulins IgG We’ll look more at these

Overview of B cells to Antibodies

IgG attacking a bacteria followed by macrophage “feeding” antibody Goodbye bacteria! Macrophage Bacteria IgG

Vaccinations Passive Active

How fast do we produce IgG antibodies?

Immune Benefits of Breast Feeding IgA’s

Onto the second type of lymphocyte known as the “T” lymphocyte…

T cells (CD4) Cytotoxic T cells (CD8) Helper T cells Memory T cells thymus T cells (CD4) Cytotoxic T cells (CD8) Helper T cells Memory T cells Suppressor T cells

The next part gets tricky

All T cells require cell to cell contact

http://highered. mcgraw-hill http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter24/animation__cytotoxic_t-cell_activity_against_target_cells__quiz_2_.html

Allergies and IGE’s

Allergies IgE