geology Chapter 10

Layers of the earth

Biosphere Layers Atmosphere - air layer (80% Nitrogen) Lithosphere - rock layer Hydrosphere - water layer (75% of earth)

rocks are made up of minerals Three types: 1. Sedimentary - cemented rock 2. Igneous - solidification of magma 3. Metamorphic - heat and pressure

Mineral test Hardness - based on Moh’s hardness scale Streak Test - color of streak Chemical Properties - fizz with acid (limestone)

Build Up activites volcanoes (folding) mountains (folding) laying down sediment (deposition)

Break down activities Weathering - breaking down of rocks Erosion - moving broken down rocks These can occur due to: 1. wind 2. water 3. glaciers

types of weathering Physical - rock is not changed, just made smaller Chemical - rock is changed to a new substance

natural disasters Earthquakes - movement of plates Hurricanes Floods Tornadoes

plate tectonics Moved by convection currents under mantle

isolines