Setting up Institutions for Strong Coordination Thierry Desclos, TWITR Governance Setting up Institutions for Strong Coordination Thierry Desclos, TWITR

Why is urban transports governance an issue ? Cities are engines of economic growth Urban transports essential to these engines At stake : livability/sustainabiliy/efficiency of cities/inclusiveness Urgency : rapid urbanization increasing drawbacks of motorized modes of travel Transport systems are wheels of this growth At stake: enabling access to health, education, and other needs… Inclusiveness for the poor increasing use of motorized modes of travel: congestion, pollution, GHG emissions, climate change, increased consumption of non-renewable fuels, road accidents : greater urgency of institutions for strong coordination

Why is urban transports governance an issue ? (cont’d) Number of stakeholders involved in UT In most developing countries, governance and coordination are lacking Difficulty to set up institutions Institutional fragmentation is a key challenge : efficiency Different institutions/modes of transports

Major issues to be considered What functions should the institutions perform ? What legal basis and powers should they have ? Who should be the members ? What about the board and President? 1°) - geographical scope. What is the relevant UT perimeter ? Depend on size of towns in a country. Fragmentation (communauté de Madrid 179 communes/STIF) - should it be related to public transport only or should it cover all aspects of city transports ( parking ?) - should public transport be by a public entity or contracted out ? Three levels: A) Strategic functions ( policy formulation, establishing a vision, …) B) infrastructure planning/regulation ( fare, driver licensing,..)/service planning C) infrastructure construction, maintenance and operation London, Singapore, Paris, Vancouver: Lead institutions responsible for strategic and service planning 2°) Legal basis : (specific law or current existing legislation) (Madrid L 16 mai 1985/ LAMATA act 2002/LOTI en France). A convention in Casablanca Risk of a specific legal basis : difficult to modify : Experimentation first ? 3°)Members : Government or decentralized ? ( can go from one to the other: STIF). 4°) Board and President : board, not all members ( STIF/ Madrid), trade union and P users representatives (Spain) operators ( LAMATA) President: govt, local authorities

Major issues to be considered (cont’d) What resources for the institution? What type of expenses would it take charge of? 1°) Resources : Government/local autorities subsidies, dedicated taxes ( Transport Tax), its own ( properties, advertising) Lamata: generated funds from vehicle taxes, bus regulation fee and other user fees set us as a dedicated fund (mainly used for road maintenance), fares What about its manpower ? ( secondment from govt agencies or its own ) and salaries ? 2°) Expenses: administrative costs or investments (STIF, LAMATA: investments/ Madrid Consorcios : No, the Region makes investments)

Conclusion Strong coordination for efficiency From institutions coordinating urban transports to authorities coordinating mobility