13 Colonies The Colonial Period 160 7-1776 Overview Questions and Vocabulary

Up until 1680 most of the settlers who came to the new world were from what country? ____England____ List 3 reasons that many people left continental Europe and came to the New World. Escape the path of war (over religion), avoid poverty, and absentee landlordism

What was the population of the New World by 1690? ¼ of a million__ What was the population by 1775? _2.5 million______ Why was it difficult to farm in New England? Thin, stony soil, relatively little level land, and long winters

List 4 other ways that the people of New England made money. Grain mills and sawmills, shipbuilding, trade, and the cod industry

Where did the people of New England live and why did they live there? In villages and towns around the harbors because many New Englanders carried on some kind of trade or business

What was being built in the Massachusetts Bay Colony? vessels (ships) Why was this important? This laid the foundation for a trade that was to grow rapidly

What was the triangular trade? merchants and shippers would purchase slaves off of the coast of Africa for New England rum, then sell slaves in the West Indies where they would buy molasses to bring home for sale to the local rum producers.

Why was it considered “unsavory” Why was it considered “unsavory”? it was considered unsavory because it was morally wrong to purchase/own another person

The people in the Middle Colonies were more _________ than in New England. tolerant Who guided Pennsylvania and was the reason it ran smoothly and grew rapidly? William Penn

What was Philadelphia? it was the heart of Pennsylvania What made it one of the most thriving cities in the colonies? Their talent for successful business enterprise

Who were the best farmers? Germans What cottage industries were important in the Middle Colonies? weaving, shoemaking, cabinetmaking and other crafts

Who moved into the Middle Colonies in the early 18th century? Scots-Irish Describe the Scots-Irish. Tell about them, where they settled and how they survived they settled in the back country of Pennsylvania and survived by hunting and subsistence farming

What colony was a great example of the many different nationalities that moved to the New World? New York List the other nationalities that settled along the Hudson River. Dutch, French, Danes, Norwegians, Swedes, English, Scots, Irish, Germans, Poles, Bohemians, Portuguese, and Italians

What city in New York became busy with all kinds of people and businesses? Manhattan How did the Southern Colonies make their money? lumber, tar, resin (from the long leaf pine tree), rice, indigo, maize, and wheat

Describe the farmers of the Tidewater region. they were supported by slave labor, held most of the political power and the best land, built great houses, adopted an aristocratic (power in the hands of a few) way of life

__________________________ became the leading port and trading center in the South. Charleston, South Carolina What did the settlers there learn to do? to combine agriculture and commerce

Which colony only grew one crop? Virginia What did North and South Carolina grow and export? rice, indigo, and forests/trees

Who moved inland and give the reasons why? Germans and Scots-Irish moved inland because they were unwilling to live in the original tidewater settlements, they could not secure fertile land along the coast, or they had exhausted the land they held

Describe the frontier family Describe the frontier family. Telling where they lived and about their lives. they built cabins, cleared tracts in the wilderness, cultivated maize and wheat, the men wore leather known as buckskin, the women wore clothes made of cloth they spun at home, they ate venison (deer), wild turkey, and fish, they had great barbeques, dances, housewarmings for newly married couples, shooting matches, and contests for making quilt blankets

13 Colonies Vocab Persecuted - hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs.

13 Colonies Vocab Continued Commodity – anything bought or sold Substantial – large in amount, size or number Creed – a statement of the basic belief of a religion Indigent – suffering from extreme poverty Subsistence – minimum food or shelter needed to support life

13 Colonies Vocab Continued Predominantly – a position of power, authority or influence over others Revenue – an amount of money regularly coming in Oligarchy – a form of government where all power is held by a few prominent people Interior – situated well inland from the coast or border Tracts – an expanse or area of land, water, etc.