Importance & classification of Road

Highway Engineering The branch of civil engineering which deals with design, planning, construction & maintainace of highway is known as ‘Highway engineering’

Classification of roads A) According to traffic – based on traffic volume. Types of roads vehicles per day 1. Very heavy traffic roads above 600 2. Heavy traffic roads 251 – 600 3. Medium traffic roads 70 – 250 4. Light traffic roads below 70 B) According to tonnage – based on tonnage. Types of roads vehicles per day(m3) 1. Very heavy traffic roads above 1524 2. Heavy traffic roads 1017- 1524 3. Medium traffic roads 508 - 1017 4. Light traffic roads below 508

Classification of roads C) According to importance. 1. Class I roads 2. Class II roads 3. Class III roads D) According to location & function. 1. National highways (N.H.) 2. State highways (S.H.) 3. Major district roads (M.D.R.) 4. Other district roads (O.D.R.) 5. Village roads (V.R.)

Classification of roads by Nagpur Road plan. 1. National highways (N.H.) 2. State highways (S.H.) 3. Major district roads (M.D.R.) 4. Arterial roads (O.D.R.)

1. National highway (N.H.) The main highways running through the length and breadth of India, joining major parts, capital of states, foreign highways required for strategic movement for the defense of India are known as ‘National highways’. 1. Amritsar – Ambala – Delhi road - NH1 2. Delhi – Agra – Kanpur – Calcutta road - NH2 3. Agra – Mumbai road - NH3 The responsibility of construction and maintenance – central government.

2. State highway (S.H.) The highways linking up with the National highways, district head quarters and important cities in states are known as ‘State highways’. The geometric design specification and design speed for N.H. and S.H. are same. The responsibility of construction and maintenance – state government and central government gives grant for development..

3. Major District Roads (M. D. R 3. Major District Roads (M.D.R.) The important roads with a district connecting production and markets places with each other or with the main highways are known as ‘Major District Roads’. The responsibility of construction and maintenance – district authorities and state government gives grant for development.

4. Other District Roads (O. D. R 4. Other District Roads (O.D.R.) The roads connecting market centers, tahsil head quarters, railway station in district known as other district roads. The design specification is low as compare to M.D.R. 5. Village Roads (V.R.) The roads connecting villages with each other or with nearest road are known as ‘Village Roads’. These roads are very important from the rural area development point of view. The responsibility of construction and maintenance – local district authorities.