A teaching sequence from the Extinction unit of upd8 wikid Turtles Activity 4 – Keys A teaching sequence from the Extinction unit of upd8 wikid year 7 upgrade 1

7E Learning Cycle Sally’s data shows that most turtles die after the hatchlings leave the beaches How could they get viewers to report turtle sightings, and identify them accurately? Is this mystery creature a turtle? The trainees ask questions to find out The trainees practice by making keys to identify vertebrates The trainees are told how living things are classified. 2 © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original 2

Expected Learning: Describe how living things can be classified. Use a key to classify and unknown organism.

Surviving hatchlings = 3500 1 year olds = 1000 Engage Elicit Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate SS1 Most countries protect turtle beaches now, but look at these figures. Eggs laid = 5000 Surviving hatchlings = 3500 1 year olds = 1000 20 year olds laying eggs = 1 Why is it so difficult for turtles to survive? How could we make the ocean safer for turtles? 4

Surviving hatchlings = 3500 1 year olds = 1000 Engage Elicit Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate If we knew where the turtles were, we could try to keep fishing boats away from them. Eggs laid = 5000 Surviving hatchlings = 3500 1 year olds = 1000 20 year olds laying eggs = 1 I’ve got a friend who works with turtles in Canada. I’ll set up a video link with her. 5

Hi, I’m Johanna, and this is one of the leatherbacks we’re tracking. Engage Elicit Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate Hi, I’m Johanna, and this is one of the leatherbacks we’re tracking. We needed to know how often they visit Canadian waters. 6

Engage Elicit Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate We caught the turtles at sea and tagged them. This means a satellite can track where the turtle is going. 7

Engage Elicit Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate The line shows the route one turtle took. This sort of data is really useful. It shows where turtles might need protection. 8

They showed us where these turtles feed off the coast of Nova Scotia. Engage Elicit Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate We can’t track every turtle, so we asked fishermen to report sightings. They showed us where these turtles feed off the coast of Nova Scotia. 9

The WWF keeps records of every species, but they need help. Engage Elicit Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate The WWF keeps records of every species, but they need help. Let’s get people to record sightings on our website. But how will they know which species they’ve seen? 10

These models show the seven species of turtle. Engage Elicit Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate These models show the seven species of turtle. Yes, and turtles from the same species aren’t always identical. It’s hard to tell which this one is. 11

Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate Elicit Yes! You list the features that members of a species share. Then you make a key. We can put one on the website. Is there a better way? 12

...then keep asking questions that split them into two groups. Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate Elicit Keys are amazing! You start with the 2 million known species of everything... Does it have leaves? YES NO ...then keep asking questions that split them into two groups. 400,000 1,600,000 It’s some sort of plant It’s an animal 13

Look how many invertebrates there are! It’s some sort of vertebrate Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate Elicit Does it have a backbone? Look how many invertebrates there are! YES NO 60,000 1,540,000 It’s some sort of vertebrate It’s an invertebrate 14

Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate Elicit SS2 Does it ? To get any further we need to know what’s different about each group of vertebrates. YES NO I’ll leave you to draw up a table of differences, and sketch the rest of the key. 15

Do you agree? Features Reproduction method Blood temperature Body Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate Elicit Features Reproduction method Blood temperature Body covering Breathing Mammals live birth warm hair lungs Birds eggs feathers Reptiles cold hard scales Amphibians smooth skin young have gills, adults lungs Fish soft scales gills Do you agree? 16

YES NO Does it lay eggs? Bird, fish, reptile or amphibian Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate Elicit Here’s one way you could start. Does it lay eggs? Each question should separate species into smaller groups. YES NO 55,000 5,000 Bird, fish, reptile or amphibian It’s a mammal 17

It’s a bird, fish, reptile or amphibian It’s a bird or amphibian Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate Elicit It’s a bird, fish, reptile or amphibian What would you ask next? Does it have scales? YES NO 38,000 22,000 It’s a fish or reptile It’s a bird or amphibian 18

...we’ve already cut the possible species from 2,000,000 to 8,000! Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate Elicit Every time you answer a question you cut down the number of things it can be... It’s a fish or reptile Does it have gills? YES NO 30,000 8,000 It’s a fish It’s a reptile ...we’ve already cut the possible species from 2,000,000 to 8,000! 19

YES NO It’s a bird or amphibian Does it have feathers? It’s a bird Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate Elicit Let’s suppose it’s a penguin… It’s a bird or amphibian Does it have feathers? YES NO 10,000 12,000 It’s a bird It’s an amphibian ...what question would you ask next? 20

Eventually there’s only one thing it can be... Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate Elicit Eventually there’s only one thing it can be... 1,600,000 animals 60,000 vertebrates 8,000 reptiles 7 sea turtles this exact species of turtle ...unless you’ve discovered a completely new species! 2,000,000 living things 21

Did you see this in the papers? Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Extend Evaluate Elicit Did you see this in the papers? How could we find out? Devise a key for the people who discovered it to use. 22

Picture credits Picture Slide Credit _________________________________________________________________ Leatherback tagging team 6 Canadian Sea Turtle Network Leatherback being tagged 7 Canadian Sea Turtle Network Turtle track 8 NOAA – Science on a Sphere Leatherback swimming 9 Canadian Sea Turtle Network Turtle distribution map 10 WWF Activity from the Extinction unit © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010. Teachers and others who download this material may use it freely within their institution. For any other usage consult the upd8 team, upd8@ase.org.uk  ASE and upd8 are not responsible for any revision that may be made to the material after it has been downloaded. © Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2010 This page may have been changed from the original